深松方式对玉米根系分布及水分利用效率的影响  

Effect of Subsoiling Modes on Root Distribution and Water Use Efficiency in Maize

作　　者：栗维 朱海燕 逄焕成[3] 刘明[1] 李玉义[3] 金忠华[1] 齐华[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]托克托县农业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010200 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《作物杂志》2014年第3期77-80,共4页Crops

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303130,201103001);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划(2011BAD16B14,2012BAD04B03)

摘　　要：以郑单958为试材，研究了不同深松方式对玉米根系分布及水分利用效率的影响，为实现玉米高产栽培提供理论依据。结果表明：行行深松、隔行深松均可有效打破犁底层，10～40cm土壤容重在整个生育时期显著低于常规耕作，且行行深松的后效作用更明显；深松提高了土壤蓄水保墒能力，有效缓解春旱对玉米幼苗的影响；深松后增加了土壤中30—50cm耕层及垂直垄向20～30cm范围的根量，有利于深层根系的生长、延缓玉米深层次根系衰老；深松也显著提高了植株水分利用效率和玉米产量，且行行深松的效果更为明显。The effect of different subsoiling on root distribution and water use efficiency in maize （ cultivated variety Zhengdan 958 ）was studied for achieving high-yield. The results showed that interleave row subsoiling and each row subsoiling could effectively break the soil plow pan, soil bulk density of subsoiling was less than conventional tillage＇s in 10 -40cm evidently during the whole growth stage and there was delaying effect on each subsoiling modes. Subsoiling could improve the ability of water storage in soil and decrease the influence of drought on maize seedling in spring effectively. There was significant difference between subsoiling and conventional tillage on root biomass within vertical distance of 30 - 50cm and horizonal distance of 20 - 30cm from the plant. The development of deep root was promoted by subsoiling and put root senescence off, and maize yield and water use efficiency were increased especially under each row subsoiling.

关 键 词：玉米 深松方式 根系分布 水分利 用效率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]