不同氮肥对污染土壤玉米生长和重金属Cu、Cd吸收的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizers on Growth and Heavy Metals Uptake by Corn Grown in Contaminated Soil

作　　者：孙磊[1,2] 郝秀珍[1] 周东美[1] 张进[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,南京210008 [2]滁州学院地理信息与旅游学院,江苏滁州239000

出　　处：《玉米科学》2014年第3期137-141,147,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD04B04)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验研究污染红壤不同氮肥处理对玉米生长和吸收重金属Cu和Cd的影响。结果表明,尿素和硝酸钙处理玉米生物量高于低硫酸铵用量处理和对照处理。在污染土壤中施入高氮量的尿素较其他处理有利于玉米生长和降低玉米植株体内重金属含量。与对照相比,尿素和硫酸铵的施用降低土壤pH值,从而增加红壤水溶态以及盐提取态Cu、Cd含量;硝酸钙处理升高土壤的pH值,降低盐提取态Cu含量。用1.0 mol/L NH4NO3盐提取态或水溶态根区土壤重金属含量能够很好地预测玉米对Cu和Cd的吸收。在Cu和Cd污染的酸性土壤上种植玉米,施加高用量尿素或者低用量硝酸钙来促进玉米生长和降低重金属含量,避免硫酸铵氮肥的施用。The effects of different nitrogen fertilizers on growth and the uptake of Cu and Cd by corn were studied in Cu and Cd contaminated red soil in pot experiment. The results indicated that the biomass of corn with CO（NH2）2 and Ca（NO3）2 treatments were higher than that with （NH4）2SO4 treatment and control. Corn biomass in high application rate of urea treatment was the highest in all treatments and decreased Cu and Cd concentrations in corn. Compared with control, root zone soil pH decreased and soluble and extractable metals by saline solution increased with CO（NH2）z and （NH4）2SO4, however, Ca（NO3）2 treatments were on the contrary. The heavy metal concentrations in root zone soil with water soluble or 1.0 mol/L NH4NO3 may predict Cu and Cd uptake by corn. Therefore, high dose of urea or low dosage of calcium nitrate was alternative nitrogen fertilizer being applied to the contaminated soil to improve corn growth and reduce the heavy metal concentration, but avoid （NH4）2SO4 application.

关 键 词：玉米 氮肥 土壤 Cu Cd 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]