成人第二鳃裂囊肿的CT与MRI表现及鉴别诊断  

CT and MRI Findings and Differential Diagnosis for the Second Branchial Cleft Cyst of Adult

作　　者：杜建斌[1] 李德刚[2] 葛泽民 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古阿拉善盟中心医院放射科 [2]内蒙古包钢医院影像中心,内蒙古阿盟750306

出　　处：《现代医用影像学》2014年第2期130-132,共3页Modern Medical Imageology

摘　　要：目的:探讨成人第二鳃裂囊肿的CT与MRI表现,以提高对该病的认识及鉴别诊断。材料与方法:回顾性总结18例经手术病理证实的第二鳃裂囊肿,分析其CT和MRI表现并结合文献进行讨论。结果:全部病例均为第二鳃裂囊肿,其中BaileyⅠ型5例,Ⅱ型13例。鳃裂囊肿位于颈前三角区、胸锁乳突肌前内侧,圆形或椭圆形,壁薄、均质,胸锁乳突肌受压向后或后外移位,颌下腺向前移位,颈动脉鞘内大血管向内或内后移位,CT表现为密度均匀、边界清晰的囊性肿块。MRI表现为T1WI呈低至高信号,T2WI呈高信号,囊壁强化或不强化,合并感染时,边界模糊,囊壁及周围软组织强化,囊壁强化的厚度取决于感染的程度。结论:CT与MRI可以清楚显示鳃裂囊肿的解剖部位、大小、形态、范围、强化特点及其与周围结构的关系,结合临床特点能做出准确诊断及鉴别诊断。Purpose： To explore CT and MRI findings of the second branchial cleft cyst of adult in order to improve the recognization and differential diagnosis of the second brachial cleft cyst. Materials and Methods： CT and MRI findings of 18 cases with the second branchial cleft cyst proved surgically and pathologically and a review of those from the literatures were retrospectively analyzed. Results： All 18 cases were second branchial cleft cysts, including 5 of Bailey type Ⅰ and 13 of type Ⅱ. Branchial cleft cyst located in anterior triangle of neck and anteriomedialis of sternoeleidomastoid, and showed be round, ellipse, thin wall and homogeneous. Sternocleidomastoid was pressed to move toward backward or lateral posterior. Great vessels in carotid sheath were pushed inward or inner-posterior and the submaxillary gland was also pushed forward by the cyst. These cysts were sharpness of border and uniform density on CT. MRI findings was typically hypointense to hyperintense in T1WI and usually hyperintense in T2WI. There was enhancement or no enhancement in the cyst wall. The wall of the cyst and its peripheral soft tissue would be enhanced if accompanied with infection. The enhancement of cyst wall depended on the degree of infection. Conclusion： CT and MRI can clearly show the location, size, shape, range, characteristic of enhancement and the relationship to the adjacent tissues of These cysts, and also make a definite diagnosis and differential diagnosis of branchial cleft cyst on the basis of clinical characteristic.

关 键 词：鳃裂囊肿 磁共振成像 体层摄影术 X线计算机 

分 类 号：R816.98[医药卫生—放射医学] R445.2[医药卫生—临床医学]