城市低收入育龄妇女生殖道感染及相关知识和需求分析  

Prevalence,knowledge and needs of reproductive tract infections among urban low-income women of reproductive age

作　　者：刘静[1] 张谦 李丽[1] 冯蕾 李艳姿 石霞 吴尚纯[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家人口计生委科学技术研究所,北京100081 [2]北京市海淀区计划生育技术服务中心 [3]北京市卫生和计划生育委员会

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2014年第6期386-389,共4页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：北京市人口和计划生育委员会资助

摘　　要：目的:调查城市低收入育龄妇女常见生殖道感染(RTI)(细菌性阴道病、念珠菌性外阴阴道炎、滴虫性阴道炎)和慢性宫颈炎的发生现状,了解调查对象对RTI相关知识的知晓、就医和需求情况。方法:采用横断面调查,对北京市海淀区1081名低收入育龄妇女进行问卷调查,妇科及实验室检查,诊断、治疗、随访并建立生殖健康档案。结果:调查对象近6个月内自报有RTI症状的占41.7%(451/1081),其中46.8%(211/451)选择就医。因"每个妇女都会有"和"这不是病"未就医者占64.6%(155/240),"没时间"就医者占17%(41/240)。本次筛查RTI总检出率为19.5%(175/896),细菌性阴道病、念珠菌性外阴阴道炎、滴虫性阴道炎的患病率分别为9.4%(84/896)、1.3%(12/896)、1.1%(10/896),未查明病原微生物的阴道炎占7.7%(69/896)。慢性宫颈炎占24.7%(221/896),其中中、重度者占52.9%(117/221)。结论:城市低收入育龄妇女RTI现状不佳,RTI相关知识缺乏,生殖保健意识差,建议政府相关部门及卫生和计划生育服务机构应针对人群特点加强宣教,提供经济、优质的RTI防治服务。Objective： To explore the prevalence and knowledge of, and heahhcare seeking and needs for common reproductive tract infections （RTIs）, i.e. bacterial vaginosis, trichomonal vaginitis, and candidal vaginitis, among urban low-income women of reproductive age. Methods： A cross-sectional survey was conducted to cover 1098 women with questionnaire interview, gynecological check-up, lab test, diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and reproductive health ar- chive building. Results： Respondents who reported symptoms of RTIs in the last six months accounted for 41.7% （451/1081）, of which 46.8% （211/451） chose to seek medical services. The major reasons for not seeking medical services included ＂no need as RTIs are common for all women＂ and ＂ they are not diseases＂ （64.6 %, 155/240）, and ＂no time＂ （17.0%,41/240）. The screening found that 19.5% （175/896） of women had RTIs. The main RTIs diag- nosed were bacterial vaginosis （9.4 %, 84/896）, trichomonal vaginitis （ 1.3 %, 12/896）, candidal vaginitis （ 1.1 %, 10/ 896）, unexplained vaginitis （7.7 %, 69/896）. Of the women, 24.7% （221/896） were diagnosed with chronic cervicitis, 52.9% （117/221） of which were ranked mild or serious. Conclusion： Urban low-income women of reproductive age are facing the problems of RTIs, lack of knowledge of RTIs and weak awareness of reproductive health. Health education and high-quality services for RTIs prevention and treatment should be provided by heahh/family planning sectors to meet their health needs.

关 键 词：育龄妇女 生殖道感染 患病率 现状 需求 

分 类 号：R711.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]