摘蕾和人工授粉对老鸦瓣生长和产量的影响  

Effects of flower bud removal and artificial pollination on growth and yield of Tulipa edulis

作　　者：缪媛媛[1] 朱再标[1] 郭巧生[1] 马宏亮[1,2] 杨颖[1] 朱丽芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中药材研究所,江苏南京210095 [2]广州白云山中一药业有限公司,广东广州510530

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2014年第11期2016-2018,共3页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81202867)

摘　　要：于老鸦瓣现蕾期摘除花蕾,开花期进行人工授粉,测定老鸦瓣的形态指标和各器官生物量,并于收获期统计产量,分析摘蕾和人工授粉对老鸦瓣生长和产量的影响。结果表明摘蕾处理有利于老鸦瓣的生长,其各项生长指标和生物量均高于对照,而且作为入药部位和繁殖器官的鳞茎产量亦高于对照;经人工授粉的老鸦瓣在盛果期的果实直径和果实干重显著高于自然条件下的植株,结实率达100%,种子数和单粒重分别增加69.03%,16.48%且不影响鳞茎产量。摘蕾处理有利于老鸦瓣鳞茎生物量的积累从而提高药材产量;人工授粉显著提高老鸦瓣结实率及种子数量和单粒重。The study was conducted to explore the response of growth and yield of Tulipa edulis to flower bud removal and artificial pollination. And flower bud removal and artificial pollination were carried out in the squaring period and bloom stage respectively. The morphological index and biomass indicators were determined and the yield was counted in harvest time. Result showed that flower bud removal was beneficial to the growth of T. edulis, resulting in increasing growth index, biomass as well as the yield of bulb. The diameter and dry weight of T. edulis fruit by artificial pollination were increased significantly compared with the control. Seed setting percentage increased to 100%, and the number of seed as well as the single grain weight increased by 69.03% and 16.48%, respectively, which did not significantly affect the bulb production. In conclusion, Flower bud removal treatment accelerates bulb biomass increase, so as to improve its yield. Artificial pollination raised significantly seed setting percentage, seed number as well as the single grain weight.

关 键 词：老鸦瓣 摘蕾 授粉 生长 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]