2012年广西手足口病流行病学及病原学特征  

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease in Guangxi, 2012

作　　者：谢镇国[1] 谭毅[1] 林玫[1] 杨进业[1] 居昱[1] 刘慧慧 李海[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028 [2]中国现场流行病学培训项目,北京100050

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2014年第1期15-18,共4页Applied Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心医药卫生科研项目(201102)

摘　　要：目的分析2012年广西壮族自治区手足口病流行病学及病原学特征,为预防和控制手足口病提供参考依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对2012年广西手足口病疫情资料和病原学监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2012年广西共报告手足口病病例231 984例,其中重症病例2 236例,死亡病例123例;报告发病率为499.43/10万,死亡率为0.26/10万,病死率为0.053%。发病高峰为4-6月,发病数占全年的54.37%。发病率以百色市最高(870.32/10万),贵港市最低(171.07/10万),不同地区发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。病例中5岁及以下幼儿占95.41%,男性发病率高于女性。病原以EV71为主,总检测阳性率达49.13%。轻症、重症和死亡病例中EV71检测阳性率分别为39.92%、71.03%和97.37%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=694.10,P<0.001)。1-12月重症病例比例改变与EV71构成比变化呈正相关(r=0.907,P<0.001)。结论 2012年广西手足口病整体高发,存在地区、季节、人群分布的差异,EV71是导致重症和死亡病例的主要病原。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Guangxi in 2012 and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence and etiological data of HFMD in Guangxi in 2012. Results A total of 231 984 HFMD cases were reported in Guangxi in 2012, including 2 236 severe cases and 123 deaths. The reported morbidity was 499.43/100 000 and the case fatality rate was 0.05% . The incidence was peak in April and May, and this accounted for 54.37% cases of the whole year. The highest incidence was in Baise City and the lowest in Guigang City. and the incidences were significantly different between different cities （P〈0.01）. The cases in children under 5 years old accounted for 95.41% of the total. The etiological surveillance indicated that the positive rate of enterovirus 71（EV71） was 49.13%. Among the mild, severe and death cases, the positive rates of EV71 infection were 39.92% , 71.03% and 97.37% , respectively, with significant difference （χ 2 = 694.10,P〈0.01） among them. The monthly proportion of severe HFMD cases from January to December changed in accordance with the prevalent proportion of EV71 strains（r =0.907,P〈0.01）.Conclusion HFMD occurred widely in Guangxi with local outbreaks in 2012. There are differences among areas, seasons and populations. The majority of severe and death cases are caused by EV71.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 肠道病毒71型 

分 类 号：R512.501[医药卫生—内科学]