利益集团如何影响美国汇率政策?  

How Do Interest Groups Affect U.S.Exchange Rate Policy?

作　　者：李俊久[1] 姜默竹[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学经济学院 [2]吉林大学东北亚研究院

出　　处：《世界经济研究》2014年第6期73-79,89,共7页World Economy Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"中国积极参与国际货币体系改革进程研究"(项目编号:10ZD&054);教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"货币地理学视角下的人民币亚洲化研究"(项目编号:12YJCGJW005);教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目"中美经济相互依赖及其非对称性特征:基于世界经济格局视角的研究"(项目编号:13YJA790126);吉林大学哲学社会科学创新团队建设项目"国际金融理论创新与国际货币体系改革研究"(项目编号:2012FRTD02)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：美国汇率政策对于外围国家和本国利益集团分别具有"溢出效果"和"再分配效果"。因此,研究美国汇率政策制定的逻辑具有重要意义。现有文献虽已在研究利益集团影响美国汇率政策的课题上取得显著进展,但仍有待进一步深入。本文认为,美国汇率政策的制定具有明显的利益集团政治色彩。通过对比美日和美中货币谈判发现,"相容性利益集团"的有无是解释两者存在明显差异的一个关键变量。因此,中国有必要通过开放市场来构筑中美之间的"相容性利益",以便在中美货币谈判中争取主动。U.S.exchange rate policy has significant effects on both the peripheral countries and American interest groups:The former refers to spillover effect,while the latter is about redistribution effect.Consequently,it is of significance to understand the logic of U.S.exchange rate policymaking.The extant literature has made obvious progress on the topic of how interest groups affect U.S.exchange rate policy,however,some issues remain to be settled.This paper argues that there is obvious interest group politics during the course of U.S.exchange rate policymaking.After comparing U.S.-Japanese and U.S.-Sino monetary negotiation,the paper concludes that whether there exist inclusive interest groups or not is the one key variable in explaining distinct difference between the two cases.It is necessary for China to open its market to construct inclusive interests with the U.S.so that it can gain control over Sino-U.S.monetary negotiation.

关 键 词：利益集团 美国汇率政策 相容性利益集团 院外援华集团 

分 类 号：F837.12[经济管理—金融学]