说谎的非言语视觉线索  

The Nonverbal Visual Cues to Deception

作　　者：梁静[1,2,3] 李开云[1,2,3] 曲方炳[1,2,3] 陈宥辛 颜文靖[1,2,3] 傅小兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所 [2]脑与认知国家重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2014年第6期995-1005,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB302201);国家自然科学基金(61075042,61375009)资助项目

摘　　要：说谎是一种非常普遍的社会现象。及时有效地识别说谎,在人际交往和司法安防领域都具有十分重要的意义。根据说谎的自主性,将说谎研究的实验范式分为被动说谎范式、主动说谎范式和混合说谎范式三大类。个体说谎时具有较高的认知负荷、较强的情绪唤醒和刻意的自我控制等心理活动特点,这些心理活动会导致眼睛运动、面部表情、姿态动作等非言语视觉线索的变化,且非言语视觉线索存在个体差异。未来研究应深入考察说谎的内在心理机制以及非言语视觉线索的心理意义,加强真实情境下说谎行为的研究,并借助新技术实现对非言语视觉线索的精准测量和分析。Deception commonly exists in personal communication, interrogation and security and people often attempt to detect it through nonverbal visual cues. The paradigms in deception research are categorized as forced, voluntary or mixed deception. During deception, people usually experience higher cognitive load, higher emotional arousal and more attempted control, which would lead to the changes in nonverbal visual cues, such as eye movements, facial expressions and gestures. Other influential factors such as inter-personal and intra-personal differences were also analyzed and discussed. Future studies should further investigate the psychological mechanisms of deception and the psychological implications of nonverbal visual cues. Researchers should conduct more field studies to better understand the relationship between deception and nonverbal visual cues, and employ state-of-the-art technology to precisely measure and analyze nonverbal behaviors during deception.

关 键 词：说谎 非言语视觉线索 生态效度 精准测量 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]