老年患者牙周感染病原菌的相关因素分析及抗菌药物应用  

Analysis of relevant factors causing periodontal infections to elderly patients and use of antibiotics

作　　者：俞丹[1] 陈舜岳[1] 王姝[1] 卢宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]台州市立医院口腔科,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第12期2934-2936,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：浙江省卫生厅基金资助项目(ZW2012B019)

摘　　要：目的对老年患者牙周感染病原菌的相关因素进行分析,并对抗菌药物治疗效果进行评价。方法选择2012年3月-2013年3月门诊老年牙周病患者69例,进行病原菌检测,作为观察组,同时选择同期健康体检老年人100名,作为对照组,采用自行设计的调查问卷,对患者的基本资料进行调查,对症给予抗菌药物治疗后,对治疗效果进行评价。结果老年牙周病患者病原菌感染的主要因素有不良的口腔卫生习惯、受教育程度低、吸烟、合并≥2种基础疾病、合并糖尿病、伴负性情绪等,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);69例感染患者共分离出厌氧菌102株,前3位分别为伴放线放线菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、生痰二氧化碳嗜纤维菌,分别占26.47%、20.59%、14.71%;分别给予甲硝唑、替硝唑及奥硝唑治疗,病原菌清除率分别为78.26%、91.30%、95.65%;替硝唑、奥硝唑的清除率高于甲硝唑,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年患者牙周病的发病率高,病原菌感染因素众多,定期进行牙周检查,注意口腔卫生,及时对牙周病进行治疗,是维护口腔健康、避免牙丢失的有效方法。OBJECTIVE To analyze the relevant factors causing periodontal infections to elderly patients and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antibiotics .METHODS Totally 69 cases of elderly outpatients with periodontal disease from Mar 2012 to Mar 2013 were selected for pathogen detection and were included into study group ;at the same time ,100 cases of old patients examined to be healthy at the same period were included into control group;the basic data of patients were investigated by the self-designed questionnaire and after giving symptomatic antimicrobial treatment ,the therapeutic effects were evaluated .RESULTS Poor oral hygiene habits ,low education levels ,smoking ,2 or more complicated underlying diseases ,complicated diabetes ,and negative emotions were the main factors for the elderly periodontal disease patients suffering pathogen infection ,and there was significant difference （P〈0 .05） .Among the 69 cases of infected patients ,a total of 102 strains of anaerobic bacteria were isolated ,and the top three were Actinobacillus actinomycetes （26 .47% ） ,Porphyromonas gingivalis （20 .59% ） and Capnocytophaga sputigena （14 .71% ）;the patients were given metronidazole ,tinidazole and ornidazole for treatment with the pathogen clearance rates of 78 .26% , 91 .30% and 95 .65% respectively ;the pathogen clearance rates of tinidazole and ornidazole were higher than that of metronidazole ,and there was significant difference between the groups （P〈 0 .05） .CONCLUSIONS The incidence of periodontal disease in the elderly patients is high and there are many factors causing pathogen infection ,so it is required to go for periodontal examinations at regular intervals ,pay more attention to oral hygiene and to timely treat periodontal diseases ,which are effective ways to maintain oral health and avoid tooth loss .

关 键 词：老年患者 牙周病 病原菌 相关因素 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]