滴灌毛管泥沙分布与灌水器堵塞试验研究  

Experiment on Sediment Distribution in Lateral Pipes and Clogging of Emitter

作　　者：王亚林[1] 朱德兰[1] 张林[1] 牛文鹏[1] 张珍珍[1] 任改萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2014年第6期177-182,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：'十二五'国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAD29B00);教育部;国家外国专家局'111'计划资助项目(B12007)

摘　　要：为探明滴灌毛管泥沙分布及灌水器堵塞规律,通过对8种粒径的泥沙进行短周期浑水试验和堵塞试验,研究了泥沙在不同毛管分布和灌水器堵塞规律。结果表明:泥沙在不同毛管中淤积量的不均匀程度可以通过毛管淤积分布系数来衡量;泥沙在支管中的运动状态对进入毛管中的泥沙量影响很大,通过计算支管泥沙悬浮指数,可确定泥沙在不同毛管中的淤积状况,悬浮指数越大,泥沙在各毛管淤积量越不均匀,突变发生在悬浮指数等于0.325处;大颗粒泥沙在毛管底部以推移质形式运动,是造成灌水器突然堵塞的直接原因,且主要出现在第1、2条毛管中,而细小颗粒的絮凝作用是造成灌水器逐渐堵塞的主要原因。To clarify the influence of particle size on the distribution of lateral pipes and clogging of emitter in drip irrigation system, the experiments of short-term muddy water and clogging were conducted with eight types of different particle size to investigate the distribution of sediment in different lateral pipes and emitter clogging situation. The results showed that the coefficient of siltation distribution of lateral pipes could be used to measure the nonuniform siltation distribution of sediment in different lateral pipes. The moving state of sediment in branch pipe greatly influenced the amount of sediment entered from lateral pipes. Therefore, the situation of sediment deposited in different lateral pipes could be determined by the suspension index of sediment in branch pipe. The siltation amount was more nonuniform in each lateral pipe when the suspension index was higher. The mutation happened where suspension index was 0. 325. In addition, the large particles of sediment moved as the form of bed load at the bottom of lateral pipes, which directly resulted in the unexpected clogging of emitter, and mainly appeared in the first and second lateral pipe. While the flocculation of the fine particles was the main reason causing the clogging of the emitter. The research on the distribution of sediment in lateral pipes and the clogging rule of emitter in drip irrigation system was helpful to deeply understand sediment motion rule in pipe network and provided some references for searching clogging reason of emitters and reasonable arrangement of lateral pipes.

关 键 词：灌水器 滴灌 毛管 泥沙分布 堵塞 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]