苯丙胺类兴奋剂所致精神障碍者临床特征及危险因素分析  

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS OF AMPHETAMINE-TYPE STIMULANT-INDUCED PSYCHOSIS

作　　者：赵燕 江海峰[1] 杜江[1] 任其欢 李煦 汪文文 孙海明[1] 赵敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心,上海200030

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2014年第3期201-205,共5页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81271468);十二五科技支撑计划(2012BAI01B07);上海市卫生系统新百人计划(XBR2011015)

摘　　要：目的:探讨苯丙胺类兴奋剂(amphetamine-type stimulant,ATS)所致精神障碍患者的临床特征及危险因素。方法:采用横断面研究,收集了355例ATS滥用/依赖者的临床资料,其中符合ATS所致精神障碍者181例。结果:ATS滥用/依赖者以男性、低学历、无业及单身者居多。与无精神障碍的患者相比,有精神障碍组首次吸毒年龄较低、ATS依赖者和多药滥用者比例较高、吸毒剂量较高和过去1月中吸毒天数较多(P<0.01)。多因素分析结果显示,存在ATS依赖的OR值为5.813(95%CI=3.655-10.231,P<0.01),多药滥用的OR值为2.262(95%CI=1.309-3.727,P<0.01)。结论:精神障碍患者的药物滥用程度较无精神障碍的患者更为严重。因此,在临床诊治中应重点预防药物滥用程度严重者的精神障碍的发生,尤其是依赖者及多药滥用者,以减少药物滥用所带来的损害。Objective.：To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of amphetamine - type stimulant - induced psychosis. Methods ： In this cross - sectional study, a total of 355 patients with the diagnosis of amphetamine -type stimulant abuse or dependence were interviewed, including 181 amphetamine- type stimulant- induced psychosis patients. Results：The amphetamine -type stimulant abusers were mainly males, having low - lever of education, unemployed and single. Compared with patients without amphetamine - type stimulant - induced psychosis, the first age of using amphetamine - type stimulant was earlier, the percentage of amphetamine - type stimulant dependence patients and multiple drug abusers was higher, the consumption of amphetamine - type stimulant was more, and the days of amphetamine - type stimulant use in the past month were more in the patients with amphetamine - type stimulant- induced psychosis（ P 〈0.01 ）. The result of logisitic regression showed that the odds ratio of amphetamine - type stimulant dependence was 5. 813 （95% CI = 3. 655 - 10. 231, P 〈 0.01 ）, and the odds ratio of multiple drug abuse was 2. 262 （95% CI = 1. 309 - 3. 727, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion： Compared with patients without amphetamine - type stimulant - induced psychosis, the amphetamine - type stimulant - induced psychosis patients were more likely having the higher level of drug abuse. Therefore, in the clinic diagnosis and treatment, we should focus on the happening of amphetamine - type stimulant -induced psychosis in the heavy amphetamine -type stimulant abusers, especially the patients with dependence and multiple drug abuse, to reduce the harm of drug abuse.

关 键 词：苯丙胺类兴奋剂 苯丙胺类兴奋剂所致精神障碍 临床特征 

分 类 号：R971.7[医药卫生—药品]