室内杀虫气雾剂初级暴露评估方法评述  

Primary exposure assessment approaches of indoor used aerosol insecticide

作　　者：李敏[1] 孟宇晰[1] 闫艺舟[1] 张丽英[1] 陶岭梅[1] 陶传江[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农药检定所,北京100125

出　　处：《农药学学报》2014年第3期245-251,共7页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAE06B00)

摘　　要：杀虫气雾剂是常用的室内卫生杀虫剂,科学、合理、安全地使用杀虫气雾剂是保障居民健康的重要内容。目前我国有关室内杀虫气雾剂使用安全性的研究较少,尚未建立系统的风险评估程序。文章重点介绍了世界卫生组织(WHO)及美国环境保护署(EPA)等国际上广泛使用的室内杀虫气雾剂暴露评估方法,包括针对施药者的吸入暴露和经皮暴露评估,针对施药后居民的吸入暴露、经皮暴露以及儿童的手至口和物体至口暴露评估等。分析了我国开展室内杀虫气雾剂暴露评估所面临的暴露途径设定及特异性参数选择等问题,旨在为我国杀虫气雾剂产品的合理开发及安全使用提供科学的评价工具。Aerosol insecticide is a commonly used public health pesticide. Scientific, rational and safe use of aerosol insecticide is so important for protecting the health of residents. Till now, limited research has been done on the safe application of aerosol insecticide, and the systematic risk assessment approaches are far to be constructed in China. World Health Organization（ WHO） and US Environmental Protection Agency（ EPA） widely-used exposure assessment approaches of aerosol insecticide in the world were introduced, including the inhalation, dermal exposure to operator, the post-application inhalation, dermal exposure to resident and the hand-to-mouth, object-to-mouth exposure to child. Challenges on setting the exposure pathway and selecting the specific parameters when implementing the exposure assessment of indoor used aerosol in China was also discussed, which aimed to provide a scientific assessment tool for the appropriate development and safe use of aerosol insecticide products in China.

关 键 词：杀虫气雾剂 暴露评估 安全性 施药者 居民 

分 类 号：R139.3[医药卫生—劳动卫生] TQ450.26[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]