苏州市0～4岁儿童乙肝疫苗免疫效果观察  

The observation of the immunization effect of hepatitis B vaccine on children aged between 0 and 4 in Suzhou City

作　　者：朱轶姮[1] 栾琳[1] 佟伟军[2] 詹亚惠[1] 许元根[3] 金芳[3] 田润芳 沈强[3] 雅雪蓉 郑本锋[1] 陈涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,江苏苏州215004 [2]苏州大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计教研室,江苏苏州215123 [3]苏州市疾病预防控制中心检验科,江苏苏州215004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第12期2170-2172,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2011年苏州市"科教兴卫"青年科技项目(KJXW2011033)

摘　　要：目的评价0～4岁儿童接种乙肝疫苗的免疫效果，探讨乙肝疫苗加强免疫可行性。方法采用多级、随机整群抽样方法，抽取苏州市部分市、区0—4岁已接种乙肝疫苗的儿童为研究对象，检测血清中乙肝病毒5项血清学标志物。结果本次调查苏州市的877名儿童，乙肝疫苗全程接种率93．16％，0-4岁儿童HBsAg阳性率为0．11％，HBsAb阳性率为74．57％，HBeAg阳性率为0，HBeAb阳性率为2．17％，HBcAb为1．25％。不同年龄组间HBsAb阳性率差异有统计学意义（Х^2=134．33，P〈0．01），HBsAb阳性率随着年龄的增长而呈逐年下降趋势（Х^2趋势性检验=108．24，P〈0.01）。HBsAb阳性率与年龄、免疫次数和全程是否及时等因素有关。结论苏州市0—4岁儿童乙肝疫苗全程接种率较高，HBsAb阳性率随着年龄的增长而呈逐年下降趋势。建议本地区可推行4岁及以上儿童乙肝疫苗加强免疫策略。Objective The study aimed to assess the immunization effect of hepatitis B vaccine on children aged between 0 and 4, so to explore the feasibility of an enhanced hepatitis B vaccination strategy. Methods Children aged between 0 and 4 who had received hepatitis B vaccination from some cities and districts in Suzhou were selected by multi-level and random cluster sampling as the research subjects, and 5 serological markers for hepatitis B virus in sera of the subjects were examined. Results The study sur- veyed 877 children between the age of 0-4 in Suzhou, among which the immunization coverage of full-course hepatitis B vaccines was 93.16% and the positive rates of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, and HBcAb were 0.11%, 74.57%, 0, 2.17%, and 1.25%, respectively. Differences in positive rate of HBsAb were statistically significant between different age groups （Х^2=134.33, P〈0.01）, and the positive rate of HBsAb declined with age over the years （trend test Х^2=108.24, P〈0.01）. The positive rate of HBsAb was correlated with age, time of immunization, and whether the full-course vaccination was received timely. Conclusion The immunization coverage of full-course hepatitis B vaccines among the children in Suzhou is high, and the positive rate of HBsAb decreased with age over the years, suggesting the necessity of the promotion of booster immunizations for children over the age of 4 in the area.

关 键 词：儿童 乙肝疫苗 免疫效果 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]