宝鸡市2004-2012年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Analysis on the surveillance of the adverse effect following immunization in Baoji from 2004 to 2012

作　　者：华蕾[1,2] 李燕琴[1] 寇光平[2] 杜红忠[2] 巨洲峰[2] 张克俭[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院,陕西西安710061 [2]宝鸡市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,陕西宝鸡721006

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第12期2276-2278,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2004-2012年宝鸡市疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况及预防接种安全性。方法收集2004-2012年个案数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2004-2012年宝鸡市报告AEFI253例,一般反应159例(62.85%),异常反应89例(35.18%),偶合症4例(1.58%),心因性反应1例(0.39%)。男女性别比1.38︰1;≤2岁儿童占75.10%;以7、8、9月份为多;报告县区以扶风、陈仓和凤翔较多。80%以上的AEFI发生在接种疫苗24 h内。总报告数居前三位的疫苗为无细胞百白破疫苗、白破疫苗、流脑疫苗。一般反应为发热、红肿硬结,异常反应临床损害主要为过敏性皮疹、无菌性脓肿、过敏性紫癜和血管性水肿。结论监测数据显示,2004-2012年宝鸡市AEFI监测工作成绩显著,敏感性有很大提高,但各县区差异较大;预防接种服务安全性高,AEFI主要发生在小年龄组儿童,接种后1 d内为监测重点。Objective This study was designed to analyze the features of occurrence for the adverse effect following immunization （AEFI） in Baoji city from 2004 to 2012, and to evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system and the immunization safety. Methods AEFI data were collected from 2004 to 2012, and descriptive methodology was used in the study. Results Two hun- dred and fifty-three AEFI cases were reported, including 159 general reactions （62.85%）, 89 paradoxical reactions （35.18%）, four cases with coincidental illness （1.58%） and one psychogenic reaction （0.39%）. Cases for children under two years old accounted for 75.10%, and the male to female ratio was 1.38： 1. Most cases occurred in the third quarter of the year and in Fufeng, Chencang and Fengxiang county. More than 80% of the cases occurred within one day after vaccination. The top three responsible vaccines were DTpa, TD and MPV. The common yet minor vaccine reactions were fever, local swelling and indurations. The main diagnostic symptoms for rare and more serious vaccine reactions were anaphylactic rash, sterile abscess, henoch-schtinlein purpura and angioedema. Conclusion Based on the data of surveillance, the AEFI surveillance work in Baoji city made significant progress from 2004 to 2012. The sensitivity of national AEFI surveillance was increased greatly but still varied among countries. The vaccination service was safe. AEFIs often occurred in young children, and AEFI surveillance should be focused within one day after the vaccination.

关 键 词：预防接种 异常反应 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]