土壤剖面部分多环芳烃源识别参数的纵向变化及成因  

Longitudinal Change Characters and Source Analysis of Some Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Source Identification Parameters in the Soil Profiles

作　　者：万甜甜 张枝焕 贺光秀 朱雷 师生宝 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学地球科学学院油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第6期7-13,20,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41373126)

摘　　要：通过对北京和天津地区18条土壤剖面样品中PAHs的分析检测及PAHs的土柱淋滤实验模拟研究，得出了部分反映PAHs污染源的分子标志物参数在土壤剖面（或淋滤土柱）上的纵向变化特征，分析了PAHs化合物的纵向迁移作用对这些参数的影响，讨论了部分用于识别土壤中PAHs污染源的分子标志物参数的有效性。结果表明：在土壤剖面0～50cm范围内，An／Ph，MP/I，MP／P值均有随深度增加而逐渐降低的趋势，在深层（〉50cm）不同剖面之间这些参数值差别不大；Fl／Py随深度增大呈现一定的波动性，但总体波动范围较小，且在0～40cm变化不大；C0／（C0＋C1）P／A和C0／（C0＋C1）F／P值变化较为复杂。土柱淋滤实验表明，在0～50cm范围内，部分PAHs污染源识别参数（An／178、MP/I、MP／P、C0/（C0＋C1）F／P和C0/（C0＋C1）P／A等）随深度的变化趋势与自然土壤剖面中的变化趋势基本一致，在深层50—100cm范围内，这些参数值的大小逐渐与原土中的接近。表明淋滤作用（迁移过程）对表层土及土壤剖面浅部（50cm范围内）部分PAHs污染源参数值的大小有不同程度的影响，运用PAHs污染源识别参数时，这些参数的有效性应引起足够的注意；而剖面深部（〉50cm）PAHs参数值受表层污染物组成的影响较小，其大小主要反映原土中化合物组成及成因。不同剖面受淋滤作用影响的范围存在一定的差别，这主要取决于土壤中TOC的分布特征。Based on the detection and analysis of PAHs in 18 Beijing and Tianjin soil profiles and soil column leaching experiments, the vertical characters of some PAHs source identification parameters was concluded, the vertical migration effects on these parameters were analyzed, and the validity of the parameters to identify the source of PAHs in soil was discussed. Results indicated that when soil depth varies from 0 to 50 cm,with the soil depth increased,An/Ph, MPI1 and MP/ P decreases, but in the deep soil （〉50 cm）, these parameters change little. F1/Py shows wave property, but with low range, and in the topsoil to the 40cm, the parameter changes little. With the soil depth increase,C0/（Co＋C~）P/A and C0/（C0＋C1）F/P vary complex relatively. Soil columns leaching experiments show that after leaching, when soil depth varies from 0 to 50cm, the variation trend of part parameters such as An/178, MPI1, MP/P, C0/（C0＋C1）F/P and C0/（C0＋C1）P/A is similar to that of the natural soil profile. In deep soil of 50-100 cm, these parameter values tend to be close to the original soils, which indicate that the parameters in topsoil and superficial part of profiles is influenced by the leaching effect （migration progress）. The validity of these parameters applying to identify the source of PAHs in soils should be paid attentions. Whereas PAHs parameters in deep soil is lesser influenced by composition of pollutants in topsoil. The parameters （〉50 cm） mainly reflect the composition and source of pollutants in original soil. The scope of profiles which are affected by leaching effect is different, which mainly depends on the distribution characteristics of soil TOC.

关 键 词：土壤剖面 多环芳烃 分子标志性参数 污染源识别 迁移 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]