我国农村生活垃圾的产生特征研究  

Characteristics of Rural Household Solid Wastes in China

作　　者：岳波[1] 张志彬[1,2] 孙英杰[2] 李海玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第6期129-134,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAL02B01);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05020601)

摘　　要：文章统计了近几年我国开展调研的134个村庄生活垃圾情况,在此基础上筛选出71个有效样本数,分析了农村生活垃圾的产生特性及其组分特点。结果表明,我国农村生活垃圾人均产生量为0.76 kg/d,变化范围较大,最低为0.15 kg/d,最高为0.29 kg/d,且不同地区垃圾产生量有一定的差异,东部0.77 kg/d,中部0.98 kg/d,西部0.51 kg/d,南方垃圾人均产生量为0.66 kg/d,低于北方的1.01 kg/d;在组成上我国农村生活垃圾主要以渣土为主,占垃圾总量的42.38%,其次为厨余,占垃圾总量的35.97%,各成分大小关系依次为灰渣>厨余>塑料>其他类>纸类>玻璃>布类>金属,且不同地区呈现一定的差异性,其中南方主要以厨余为主,占垃圾总量的43.56%,其次是渣土,占垃圾总量的26.56%,北方主要以渣土为主,占垃圾总量的64.52%,其次是厨余,占垃圾总量的25.69%,其他组分含量相当。Based on recent years survey of domestic wastes in 134 villages, with screening of 71 effective samples, the generation and component of rural domestic wastes were studied, and result showed the generation of per capita in China is 0.76 kg/d, with wide range of variations, and the smallest as 0.15 kg/d and the highest as 0.29 kg/d. Different areas have different generations, with 0.77 kg/d in east, 0.98 kg/d in central, 0.51 kg/d in west and 0.66 kg/d in south which is less than the north whose production is 1.01 kg/d. For the component, major component is residue soil, which makes up 42.38% of total amount of wastes, followed by kitchen waste which accounts to 35.97% of the total. The components from high to low are ranked as ash, kitchen waste, plastics, others, papers, glasses, cloth and metal, with certain difference in different areas. The kitchen waste is main waste in south, accounting for 43.56% of the total wastes, and the next is residue soil, which makes up 26.56%. Residue soil is the major waste in north, which accounts for 64.52% of the total wastes, and following by kitchen waste, which makes up 25.69% of the total, and the others have the subtie distinction.

关 键 词：农村生活垃圾 产生量 组分 区域特征 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]