施肥及环境因子对海南热带橡胶林土壤呼吸的影响  

Effect of fertilization and environmental factors on soil respiration in tropical rubber plantation in Hainan

作　　者：谢明德[1] 陈明智[1,2] 吴蔚东[1] 孙红亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学农学院,海南海口570228 [2]热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点实验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2014年第3期430-438,共9页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(312078)

摘　　要：以海南热带成熟橡胶林(Hevea brasiliensis)土壤为研究对象,设置了3个实验处理,分别为施用有机肥(T1)、无机肥(T2)和不施肥(CK),通过采用红外气体分析法,结合对实验胶园环境要素的定位观测和人工施肥措施,研究土壤呼吸与环境要素和施肥措施间的关系,试图揭示热带橡胶园土壤呼吸的形成机制与过程机理,为未来精确模拟热带土壤碳循环过程,及实现通过土壤管理措施和环境要素调控来调节橡胶园土壤的CO2排放和土壤碳吸收提供科学依据。研究结果表明,(1)3种处理的橡胶林土壤呼吸速率日变化均呈单峰曲线,最高峰出现在13:00左右,T1、T2和CK值分别为:2.63μmol·m-2·s-1、3.74μmol·m-2·s-1和2.98μmol·m-2·s-1;最低点在凌晨4:00左右,值分别为:0.43μmol·m-2·s-1、0.89μmol·m-2·s-1和0.51μmol·m-2·s-1。(2)在周期变化中,3种处理的橡胶林土壤呼吸速率均随温度升高而加快,与温度的变化趋势同步;土壤呼吸与温度存在显著的指数关系,其中5 cm地温同土壤呼吸相关性最好(0.572<R2<0.737),该结果能较好地解释土壤呼吸的变化。(3)土壤呼吸与土壤水分的相关关系较弱(0.189<R2<0.367),P值没有达到显著水平(P>0.05),未表现出明显的规律性。(4)在不同施肥处理的橡胶林土壤呼吸速率变化中,施有机肥处理的土壤呼吸速率最高(2.07μmol·m-2·s-1),其次是施无机肥处理的(1.59μmol·m-2·s-1),最低的是不施肥处理的(1.16μmol·m-2·s-1)。This paper takes Hainan tropical mature forest soil of rubber plantation as the research object, through the use of infrared gas analysis, combined with the positioning of the experimental observation in environmental factors and artificial fertilization measures. There are three treatments（Application of organic fertilizer（T1）, Application of inorganic fertilizer（T2） and no fertilizer（CK）） have been set up in the experiment, and to reveal the relationship between soil respiration and environmental factors and the formation mechanism of fertilization measures, so as to further reveal the mechanism and process of the tropical rubber plantation soil respiration future, for accurate simulation of carbon cycling processes in tropical soil, through the data of soil management practices and environmental factors control adjusting the rubber plantation soil CO2 emission and carbon provides scientific basis for absorption. The results show that 3 treatments of rubber plantation soil respiration rate showed a single peak curve, the peak appeared at about 13：00, respectively：2.63 μmol·m-2·s-1, 3.74 μmol·m-2·s-1 and 2.98 μmol·m-2·s-1, the lowest point in the morning about 4：00 at respectively： 0.43 μmol·m-2·s-1, 0.89 μmol·m-2·s-1 and 0.51 μmol·m-2·s-1. In the cycle, 3 types of rubber plantation soil respiration rate was increased with the increasing of temperature, synchronized with the change trend of temperature;soil respiration and temperature has a significant relationship with soil respiration, which 5cm temperature the best correlation （0.572〈R2〈0.737） changes can explain better soil respiration. The soil respiration and soil moisture correlation is weak （0.189〈R2〈0.367）, the values of P did not reach significant level （P〈0.05）, showed no obvious regularity. The changes in the rubber plantation soil respiration rate under different fertilization, organic fertilizer soil respiration rate was the highest （2.07μmol·m-2·s-1）, followed by the applicatio

关 键 词：土壤呼吸 橡胶林 不同施肥 土壤温度 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]