山羊血管化骨髓移植的解剖学基础研究  

Anatomy of vascularized bone marrow transplantation of goat

作　　者：刘娟[1,2] 祝闽辉[1] 陈建武[1] 苏映军[1] 张晨[2] 郭树忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院整形外科,陕西西安710032 [2]大连大学附属新华医院整形外科

出　　处：《中国美容整形外科杂志》2014年第6期378-380,共3页Chinese Journal of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery

摘　　要：目的通过对山羊股骨、髂骨、胸骨、肋骨4个较为常见的血管化骨髓移植供区部位相关结构的测量观察，从移植手术的角度，分析其解剖特点，为下一步建立山羊血管化骨髓移植模型提供一定的解剖依据。方法取6只（共12侧）体质量相当的山羊做活体解剖研究。观测4个供区血液供应情况，并对比4种移植物体质量、体积、骨髓干细胞密度等因素。结果髂骨可见主要滋养血管为髂内动脉及其分支，另外紧贴骨面的臀部肌肉也会有细小动脉进入骨膜，髂内血管为较理想的血管蒂；股骨的主要滋养动脉有3条：股深动脉、旋股外侧动脉及膝降动脉，取髂外血管为血管蒂；双侧胸廓内动脉及伴行静脉为胸骨的主要滋养血管，双侧胸廓内动静脉的近端可作为游离血管蒂；肋骨以第7肋为例，其肋间后动脉及其伴行静脉为主要滋养血管，可以取到一定长度的游离血管蒂。结论山羊的髂骨及股骨是较为理想的血管化骨髓移植术供区，其游离血管蒂长度及其动静脉外径均可满足异体移植术的需求。Objective To observe the correlated structures of femur, ilium, sternum, ribs, the common four sites of the vascularized bone marrow transplant donor site, analyzing the anatomical characteristics from the transplantation perspective and supply the anatomical bases for the building the goat model of vascularized bone marrow transplantation. Methods Six （ 12 sides） goats with equivalent weight were used to perform the vivisec- tion. The blood supply of the donor area was also recorded. The influencing factors of transplantation, like the weight, volume, and density of bone marrow stem cells were performed the comparison. Results The nourishing blood vessels of ilium were internal iliac artery＂ and its branches nourish, and the small arteries of hip muscles at- tached closely the bone also got into the periosteum, the internal iliac artery was the more ideal vascular pedicle. The nourishing blood vessels of the femur were deep femoral artery, lateral femoral circumflex artery and descend- ing genicular artery, the external iliac artery was the vascular pedicle. The nourishing blood vessels of the ster- num were bilateral internal thoracic artery and accompanying veins , proximal of which was the free vascular pedi- cle. For example, the nourishing blood vessels of 7th rib were the posterior intercostal artery and accompanying vein, which can be taken to be a certain length of the free vascular pedicle for transplantation. Conclusion The iliac and femur from goat is a more ideal donor site of vascularized bone marrow transplantation , which the length of the free vascular pedicle and outer diameter of its vein could meet the needs of transplantation.

关 键 词：血管化骨髓移植 基础解剖 山羊 

分 类 号：R323[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]