多孔钽在关节融合中的历史与前景  

History and prospects of the application of porous tantalum in arthrodesis

作　　者：赵阳[1] 李亮[1] 王志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学附属医院骨科,唐山063000

出　　处：《中国骨与关节杂志》2014年第5期370-373,共4页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint

摘　　要：多孔钽是一种类似于松质骨的低弹性模量金属，目前广泛应用于骨科领域（如髋关节和膝关节置换术、脊柱外科、骨移植替代物、关节融合）。它的十二面体多孔结构是通过碳气相沉积/渗透技术将纯钽浇筑到碳晶体支架上获得的。这个过渡金属拥有着一些有趣的生物材料性能，包括人们熟知的高容积孔隙率（70%～80％），良好的力学特性，生物相容性和生物学活性等，还具有很好的骨和纤维的生长特性，能够允许骨与软组织快速和大量的附着。钽软骨复合材料在体外实验早期研究中取得了可喜的成果，这为未来的关节表面修复提供了一种新的选择。现就多孔钽近年来的演变和发展以及在关节融合中的应用综述如下。Objective To review the characteristics of metal porous tantalum and its application in arthrodesis. Methods Recent literatures concerning the characteristics of porous tantalum and its application in arthrodesis were retrieved from China National Knowledge Internet （ CNKI ） and PubMed databases. Results Porous tantalum was a kind of metal with low elastic modulus, whose appearance was similar to that of cancellous bone. Recently, it had been widely applied in the orthopaedic ifeld, inluding hip replacement and knee replacement, spine surgery, bone graft substitutes and arthrodesis. Porous tantalum could be attached by a great quantity of bones and soft tissues quickly, with a high volumetric porosity of 70%-80%, good mechanical characteristics, biocompatibility and biological activity and excellent growth characteristics of bone and soft tissues. At present, satisfactory outcomes could be achieved in the clinical application of porous tantalum for hip and knee injuries. Furthermore, with the development of medicine, porous tantalum could be applied in the treatment of other joint injuries. Conclusions Good mechanical stability and early surgical outcomes can be obtained by porous tantalum material in arthrodesis.

关 键 词：多孔结构 关节融合 钽 生物学活性 膝关节置换术 骨移植替代物 过渡金属 低弹性模量 

分 类 号：R687.4[医药卫生—骨科学]