大五人格背后的高级人格因素：社会关系模型  

Higher Order Factors of the Big Five: Social Relations Model

作　　者：黄飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室(华中师范大学)华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理学探新》2014年第3期236-242,共7页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金自主科研项目:华中师范大学丹桂计划

摘　　要：人格结构研究中的一种观点认为人格特质具有层级结构,其中大五人格结构是一种流行的人格结构模型,近年来有研究关注大五人格背后是否存在更高等级的人格.采用全循环设计,用等级评定和团队内排序方法,在80个4～6人小团队中收集成员及成员之间在五个人格特质上的自我人格知觉和对成员的人格知觉,共获得四种来源的大五人格数据,根据社会关系模型分解出目标效应.对每一种来源的数据进行探索性因素分析和跨来源联合因素分析,将四种来源数据视为四个指标进行结构方程建模,结果显示,两高级因素相关模型对数据有较高的拟合程度,两个高级人格因素对关系质量有显著且不同效应量的预测作用.结果支持大五人格背后存在更高级的人格因素.最后,讨论高级人格因素模型对理解人格结构、进行人格评估的意义;未来研究可从发展角度采用多评定者、多方法进行.The organization of personality traits has been commonly conceptualized as a hierarchical structure, and big - five personality model is one prominent milestone in the inquiry of fundamental dimensions of individual differences. Recently, the issues of the existence and nature of higher order personality factors underlying the big - five attract at：entions. Round - robin design was conducted in eighty small groups with 4 to 6 persons in each group, and rating and ranking methods were used to collect perception data on the big five personality traits. Social relations model was used to decompose the target effects of other perceptions. Then four indications from two methods and two sources for each trait were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis （EFA） and joint EFA were conduct to the four sources of indications, and factor loadings revealed clear and consistent patterns. Results of confirmatory factor analysis of muhitrait - multimethod model and higher - order personality factors （HPF） model showed that five - factor correlation model and Bigger - Two HPF model fit the data quite well with method factors controlled. And the bigger two factors had different predictions to relationship quality. These results added evidence to support that higher - order personality factors are substantive. The implications of higher - order personality structure for understanding the theoretical structure of personality and for collecting and using personality measures were discussed. Future directions should consider multiple raters and multiple methods from the development approach.

关 键 词：大二人格 大五人格 高级人格因素 结构方程建模 社会关系模型 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]