改进冷端换热器的大功率脉冲管制冷机  

High Power Pulse Tube Refrigerator with Improved Cold End

作　　者：孙卫佳[1] 戴巍[1] 梁惊涛[1] 孙力勇[1] 周远[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院低温技术实验中心,北京100080

出　　处：《低温与超导》2001年第1期1-7,共7页Cryogenics and Superconductivity

摘　　要：依据热力学非对称理论对脉冲管制冷机冷端的热力学过程进行分析 ,对脉冲管制冷机制冷功率的提高提出了改进方案 ,搭建了单级低频大功率脉冲管制冷机的实验台 ,在实验中首次采用新型的填料烧结型换热器作为脉冲管的冷头 ,对这种换热器的效率在不同实验条件下进行了计算 ,并通过实验验证了这种新型换热器在脉冲管制冷机中应用的可行性。实验表明 :改进冷端换热器是提高脉冲管制冷机制冷效率的关键问题。在使用烧结换热器的单级脉冲管制冷机实验台上 ,采用输出功率 3k W的压缩机在 80 K时得到了 35W的制冷量 ,在效率上属国内领先水平。We have designed a pulse tube refrigerator to obtain high cooling power at liquid nitrogen temperature. By examining thermodynamic behavior of gas elements at pulse tube cold end, we find that the heat exchanger at the cold end of the refrigerator is very important for the purpose of high cooling power. Therefore, we have designed a new kind of cold end trying to improve the performance of the pulse tube refrigerator. The experiment apparatus has been set up and a cooling power of 35W at 80K with 3kW compressor has been obtained.

关 键 词：填料烧结型换热器 脉冲管制冷机 冷端换热器 制冷功率 冷端换热过程 热力学非对称理论 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB611