附着基粗糙度及表面沉积物对6种海藻孢子附着和幼苗数量的影响  

The Effect of Substrate Roughness and Sediment on Algal Spore Attaching Ability and Sporeling Density

作　　者：施超[1] 张迪[1] 梁振林[1] 梅俊学[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学(威海)海洋学院,山东威海264209

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2014年第2期118-124,共7页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31272703)资助

摘　　要：本项研究试验了人工放散的蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia asiatica)与多管藻(Polysi phonia urceolata)孢子及其幼苗在不同粗糙度的附着基上的附着数量、三叉仙菜(Ceramium kondoi)、假根羽藻(Bryopsis corticulans)、酸藻(Desmarestia viridis)和尾孢藻(Urospora penicilli formis)在海水中自然附着幼苗在不同粗糙度的附着基上的附着数量;还试验了不同粗糙度附着基上不同类型的沉积物对自然附着酸藻和尾孢藻的幼苗数量的影响。试验方法是以市售塑料扎带模拟表面粗糙度不同的人工藻礁,使人工刺激后释放的海藻孢子附着在其表面后,吊挂于海中使孢子萌发;空白附着基吊挂于海水中使海藻繁殖体(孢子、合子或受精卵)附着并萌发生长。以普通海泥、高温灭活海泥、底栖硅藻3种不同沉积物覆盖于人工附着基表面,统计各种沉积物在各种粗糙度的附着基上海藻幼苗数量。结果表明,对于无鞭毛的繁殖细胞(蜈蚣藻、多管藻和三叉仙菜的孢子,假根羽藻的合子、酸藻的受精卵)萌发成的幼苗数量受附着基粗糙度影响显著;在一定范围内,两者呈正相关。而萌发自游动孢子的尾孢藻,附着基的粗糙度影响不显著。3种沉积物中,高温灭活的海泥更有利于尾孢藻和酸藻的附着。It was tested on different roughness substrate and different types of sediment spores of red algae grateloupia filicina, polysiphonia urceolata, and sporeling densities of red algae grateloupia filicina,polysiphonia urceolata, Ceramium kondoi, green algae Bryopsis corticulans and Urospora penicilliformis, and brown alga Desmarestia viridis. The commercially available plastic strapping belts were usedto simulate different surface roughnesses of artificial algal reef. Sea muds, sterile sea muds and benthicdiatoms were used as different sediments to cover the surface of the artificial substrale. The resultshowed that propagules motility played a role in the effects of substrate roughness on spore attachmentand seedlings densities. Substrate roughnesses significantly affected sporeling densities of the immotilepropaguies species Grateloupia asiatica, Polysiphonia urceolata and Ceramium kondoi, Bryopsis corticulans and Desmarestia viridis. On the other hand, for the zoospore producer species Urospora penicilliformis, the effect of substrate roughness was not significant. Compared with sea muds and benthic diatoms, more Urospora penicilliformis and Desmarestia viridis sporelings appeared on sterile sea-mudcovered substrate.

关 键 词：附着基 粗糙度 海藻苗种 沉积物 附着密度 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学]