三维几何形状判别及其误差评定研究  

Study on 3D geometric shape discriminant and form error evaluation

作　　者：张华[1] 石照耀[1] 张白[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学机械工程与应用电子技术学院,北京100124 [2]北方民族大学电气信息工程学院,银川750021

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2014年第6期1217-1222,共6页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20131103110001);国家自然科学基金科学仪器专项(50627501)资助项目

摘　　要：为了实现几何形状误差自动评定,研究了三维空间几何形状判别算法,提出了一种基于判别特征的形状误差评定方法。该方法不依赖被测对象的CAD模型和参数,能够根据测量点集的内在特征判别其形状类型,并以判别结果为基础建立误差评定数学模型,根据判别特征得到评定算法的初始值,进行符合最小区域准则的形状误差评定。以平面、球面、圆柱面为例研究了该方法的具体实现过程。数值仿真实例验证了判别算法准确可行,能正确判别出测量点集的几何形状及特征,可以为误差评定算法提供精确模型和初始参数。实际测量数据处理结果表明该方法通用性强且具有较高精度,是一种新的形状误差测量与评定模式。The algorithm of 3D geometric shape discriminant is presented, and a method of form error evaluation based on discriminant characters is proposed to realize automatic geometric form error evaluation. The method can determine the measured shape type on the basis of the invariant feature of the measurement point set and can evaluate the form error automatically in terms of minimum zone criterion without depending on CAD model and the parameters of measured workpiece. The evaluation mathematical model and initial parameters of the algorithm are determined according to the discriminant characteristics. Case study on plane, sphere and cylinder explains the implementation process of this method. The numerical simulations were carried out, which verifies that the discriminant algorithm can accurately determine the shape of measurement point set, and provide initial parameters and accurate model for form error evaluation. Actual measurement data processing results show that this method has high accuracy and versatility, and is a new form error measurement and evaluation mode.

关 键 词：免形状测量 形状判别 形状误差 自动评定 

分 类 号：TH71[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]