聚糠萘水剂对不同积温带玉米花后叶片氮同化的影响  

Effects of PASP-KT-NAA on maize leaf nitrogen assimilation after florescence over different temperature gradients

作　　者：高娇[1,2] 董志强[1] 徐田军[1,3] 陈传晓[1] 焦浏[1] 卢霖[1] 董学瑞 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站,北京100079 [3]北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第11期2938-2947,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30971726);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B14-4)

摘　　要：试验于2010—2011年在黑龙江省3个积温带哈尔滨市(Ⅰ)、绥化市(Ⅱ)、依安县(Ⅲ)的试验站进行,以郑单958和丰单3号为材料,研究大田条件下温度差异对花后玉米穗位叶氮同化及产量的影响与化学调控剂——聚糠萘水剂(PASP-KT-NAA,PKN)的调控效应。结果表明:(1)硝酸还原酶活性(Nitrate Reductase Activity,NRA)、硝态氮、叶绿素、叶片氮含量表现为Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ;可溶性蛋白与游离氨基酸含量花后0—10 d表现为Ⅲ高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ;在花后30—40 d游离氨基酸Ⅰ高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ;PKN处理提高NRA、硝态氮、叶绿素、叶片氮含量、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量。(2)玉米产量均表现为Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ,郑单958产量均高于丰单3号;PKN处理后,玉米产量均高于清水对照,其中郑单958化控处理(Zhengdan treatment,ZDTR)在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的增产幅度分别为为3.09%—8.81%,4.61%—10.91%,5.91%—13.51%;丰单3号化控处理(Fengdan treatment,FDTR)在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的增产幅度为2.43%—5.19%,3.03%—6.01%,2.57%—4.62%。PKN处理提高了3个积温带玉米穗位叶片氮同化关键酶活及其产物含量,促进低温条件下氮同化正常进行,最终提高产量。Northeast China is a key area for maize production, but the low temperatures often result in delayed maize growth and slow maturity, as well as low grain quality and high grain moisture. So, to help improve maize yield, we studied the effects of PASP-KT-NAA on maize leaf nitrogen assimilation characteristics after florescence over different accumulated temperature regions with Zhengdan 958 and Fengdan 3 maize seeds as materials, in Heilongjiang province. The protein content in maize leaves is low and the key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism are susceptible to changes in environment, such as frost harm, etc. For this reason, the effects of different temperatures and the PASP-KT-NAA mixture on maize NRA （nitrogen reductive activity） in leaf tissue has been studied in three different accumulated temperature zones in Heilongjiang province, during 2010-2011. In field experiments, the first zone trial plot is located in the science station of Heilongjiang academy of agriculture sciences in Harbin. Its general accumulated temperature is ≥2800℃, but the accumulated temperature in the maize growing season in 2010 and 2011 is 3154.2℃ and 3004.2℃, respectively. The second zone trial plot is located in the science station of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Suihua City. Its general accumulated temperature is ≥2600℃, but the accumulated temperature in the maize growing season in 2010 and 2011 is 2901.8℃ and 2885.0℃, respectively. The third zone trial plot is located in Yi＇an County. Its general accumulated temperature is ≥2400℃, but the accumulated temperature in the maize growing season in 2010 and 2011 is 2728.3℃ and 2602.6℃, respectively. The results showed that： （1） The NRA, NO3^- content, leaf nitrogen content and chlorophyll content were affected by temperature, in zone order of I 〉 Ⅱ 〉 Ⅲ. After PKN treatment, FDTR and ZDTR ear leaf NRA in the three accumulated temperature zone were significantly higher than that in the water control and leaf nitrogen c

关 键 词：玉米 积温带 叶片氮同化 PASP—KT—NAA 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]