白桦和辽东栎纯林腐殖层土壤对9种灌草的化感效应  

Allelopathic effects of the humus soils from Betula platyphylla and Quercus liaotungensis pure plantations on 9 kinds of common shrubs and herbs

作　　者：黄良嘉 刘增文[1,2] 朱博超[1] 邴塬皓 张晓曦[4] 吕晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [4]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第6期1632-1638,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070630);西北农林科技大学大学生创新实验计划项目(2012年)资助

摘　　要：采集立地条件基本相同的白桦和辽东栎林地及无林荒地(对照)腐殖质层土壤,在塑料大棚内进行9种灌草植物播种盆栽试验,研究森林腐殖质土壤对林下灌草植物的化感效应.结果表明:白桦林腐殖质土壤显著抑制紫花苜蓿和草木樨种子萌发,降低草木樨、小冠花、紫花苜蓿和胡枝子过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,提高柠条、小冠花和沙打旺幼苗丙二醛(MDA)含量,小冠花、紫穗槐、紫花苜蓿、草木樨和沙打旺生物量在白桦林腐殖质土壤中显著降低48.2%、45.1%、44.2%、37.3%和36.0%.辽东栎纯林腐殖质土壤显著抑制紫花苜蓿和沙打旺发芽率,降低毛苕子、紫穗槐和紫花苜蓿叶片叶绿素含量,提高胡枝子、柠条、草木樨和沙打旺MDA含量,沙打旺、紫花苜蓿、草木樨和紫穗槐生物量在辽东栎林腐殖质土壤中显著降低52.6%、43.8%、35.5%和34.6%.白桦林腐殖质土壤对紫花苜蓿、草木樨和紫穗槐,辽东栎林腐殖质土壤对紫花苜蓿、沙打旺和紫穗槐生长整体上存在明显化感抑制效应.The humus soils were collected from Betula platyphylla and Quercus liaotungensis pure plantations and woodless land separately where the site conditions were basically the same, and taken as medium for potting culture test of 9 kinds of shrubs or herbs in plastic greenhouse to assess the allelopathic effects of humus soils of pure plantations on shrubs or herbs. Humus soils from B. platyphylla plantation significantly inhibited the seed germinations of Medicago sativa and Melilotus officinalis, decreased the catalase （CAT） activity of M. officinalis, Coronilla varia, M. sativa and Lespedeza davurica, and improved malondialdehyde （MDA） contents in seedlings of Caragana kor- shinskii, C. varia and Astragalus adsurgens. The biomass growths of C. varia, Amorpha fruticosa, M. sativa, M. officinalis and A. adsurgens in humus soils from B. platyphylla plantation were sig- nificantly decreased by 48.2%, 45.1%, 44.3%, 37.3% and 36.0%, respectively. In addition, humus soil of Q. liaotungensis plantation significantly decreased the germination rates of M. sativa and A. adsurgens, the chlorophyll contents of Vicia villosa, A. fruticosa and M. sativa, and im- proved malondialdehyde （MDA） contents in seedlings of Lespedeza davurica, Caragana korshinskii, M. officinalis and A. adsurgens. The biomass growths of A. adsurgens, M. sativa, M. officinalis and A. fruticosa were significantly decreased by 52.6%, 43.8%, 35.5% and 34.6%, respective-ly. B. platyphylla plantation humus soil had obvious inhibition effects on M. sativa, M. officinalis and A. fruticosa, while Q. liaotungensis plantation humus soil had obvious inhibition effects on M. sativa, A. adsurgens and A. fruticosa.

关 键 词：化感效应 腐殖质土壤 盆栽 灌草 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]