塔克拉玛干沙漠生物结皮中几种藻类的系统发育分析  

Phylogenetic analyses on the biological crusts of several algae in the Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：王丹[1] 龚春霞[1] 苟亚峰[1] 周路[1] 朱军保 高剑峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《草业学报》2014年第3期97-103,共7页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973计划)(2011-CB200900-G)资助

摘　　要：新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠中富含多种沙漠藻类,严酷的沙漠环境造就了这些沙漠微藻独特的生物学特性,但对于这些沙漠微藻的研究,相关报道较少。本研究以新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠沙样为素材,通过实验室培养,以有限稀释法和平板法进行分离,分离得到6株沙漠微藻。形态学观察后初步鉴定5株属于绿藻门(TLD2A1,TLD2B,TLD7A-2,TLD6B,TLD7B-5),1株为蓝藻门(TLD5A1)。分别比对分析了5株绿藻的18SrDNA和其中3株的5.8SrDNA-ITS序列,1株蓝藻TLD5A1的16SrDNA序列,并进行了系统发育分析。结果表明,TLD2A1和TLD6B与小球藻科物种亲缘关系很近,TLD2B和衣藻科物种亲缘关系很近。TLD7B-5形态呈新月形,分子鉴定与环藻科物种亲缘关系较近,TLD5A1与念珠藻科的物种聚为一支,同时与念珠藻属的椭孢念珠藻同源性高达97%。本研究确定了6株沙漠微藻的分类地位,为后续塔克拉玛干沙漠微藻的研究工作提供理论依据。The unique biological property of desert algae comes from the extreme environment of the Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang, but so far there are no related reports on the desert algae. To study the mieroalgae species of the Takilimakan Desert, 6 desert microalgae were isolated from sand samples using 96-well plate limited dilution and spread plate methods. Morphologically, 5 of the strains investigated were Chlorophyta （TLD2A1, TLD2B,TLD6B,TLD7A-2,TLDTB-5） while TLD5A1 was a Cyanobacterium. TLD2A1 and TLD2B showed a close relationship with Chlorellaceae, TLD2B and TLDTA-2 with Chlamydomonadaceae, and TLDTB-5 with Tetranephris brasiliensis of the Sphaeropleales. TLDSA1 and Nostoc clustered in a single clade, and the TLDSA1 strain was 97 % similar to Nostoc ellipsosporum. This study determined the taxonomic status of the 6 strains of microalgae in the desert, providing a theoretical basis for future research of the Taklimakan Desert algae.

关 键 词：塔克拉玛干沙漠 绿藻 蓝藻 系统发育 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]