罗氏沼虾5个专门化品系选择系生长比较及其遗传结构分析  

Comparison of growth performance and analysis of genetic structure of 5 specialized strains of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

作　　者：蒋飞[1] 戴习林[1] 朱其建[1] 过正乾[1] 苏建[1] 鞠波[1] 丁福江 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]上海申漕特种水产开发公司,上海201516

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2014年第3期329-337,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会重点攻关项目(11391901400);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2010)第1-6号];上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目(J50701)

摘　　要：采用单因素完全随机设计和荧光标记混养两种实验方法,对罗氏沼虾5个专门化品系选择系A、B、C、D、E的子二代进行生长性能测定及比较分析。结果显示无论是单因素完全随机实验还是荧光标记混养实验,各选择系子二代的绝对增重率和特定增重率的大小顺序依次为:D>B>E>C>A;经方差分析和Duncan氏法多重比较,选择系B和D的子二代表现出明显的生长优势。子二代中符合各选择系的体型比例较子一代有所增加;子二代的体重变异程度比子一代的体重变异程度小,其中B降幅最为明显,高达49.22%,说明子二代规格相对于子一代更加整齐。应用微卫星分子标记对罗氏沼虾5个选择系子二代共630尾虾的遗传多样性和遗传分化进行了研究,分析表明:各位点的平均等位基因数为6.25;平均有效等位基因数为3.666 2;平均杂合度观测值为0.435 0,平均杂合度期望值为0.707 6。5个选择系的多态信息含量(PIC)从小到大依次为C(0.434 0)<A(0.480 4)<D(0.513 4)<B(0.519 3)<E(0.555 7),为中度和高度多态性。各位点平均遗传分化系数(GST)为0.074 5,大部分遗传变异来源于各选择系内,表明各选择系尚具有进一步选育的潜力。Growth performance of F2 of 5 specialized strains of Macrobrachium rosenbergii（ A, B, C, D and E） was checked by one-way completely randomized design and polyculture in concrete ponds with the fluorescent tag. The results indicated that the ranks of AGR and SGR were D 〉 B 〉 E 〉 C 〉 A in either one-way completely randomized experiment or polyculture in concrete ponds with the fluorescent tag. AGR and SGR by ANOVA and Duncan for strains of multi-average revealed that F2 of B and D were strains with the best growth traits. Every proportion of body form of F2 was greater than F1 ; Variation coefficient of body weight of F2 was lower than F1, the most obvious decline in the comparison of F2 and F1 was B, decreasing 49.22%. All of them suggested preliminary benefit of strain selecting. Microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of F2 of 5 specialized strains, including 630 individuals. The results showed the allele number was 6. 25; average effective allele number was 3. 666 2; average observed heterozygosity value was 0. 435 0; the average expected heterozygosity value was 0. 707 6. All of these five specialized strains in the ascending order the PIC was C（0. 434 0） 〈 A（0. 480 4 ） 〈 D（0. 513 4） 〈 B （0. 519 3） 〈 E（0. 555 7）,which indicated a moderate or high level of polymorphism. The average genetic differentiaton coefficient at each locus was 0. 074 5, and the majority of genetic variation was attributed to diference of individuals within specialized strains, suggesting that each specialized strain also has some potential for further selective breeding.

关 键 词：罗氏沼虾 专门化品系选择系 生长 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学] S968.22