野生和栽培甘草不同器官中总黄酮和总多糖的动态积累规律研究  

Dynamic accumulation laws of total flavonoids and total polysaccharides in different organs of wild and cultivated Gancao( Radix Glycyrrhizae)

作　　者：韩亚男[1] 张学静[1] 侯俊玲[1] 王文全[2,3] 马生军[1] 谢景[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京100102 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所 [3]中药材规范化生产教育部工程研究中心

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2014年第5期344-348,353,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(No.2009ZX09308-002);国家中医药管理局行业专项(No.201107009-03)

摘　　要：目的揭示不同生长期甘草器官中总黄酮和总多糖的积累规律。方法采用紫外-可见光分光光度法测定5月至9月间野生和栽培甘草器官中总黄酮和总多糖的含量,探索积累规律,分析其在野生和栽培之间的异同,并用不同产地的甘草验证其积累规律。结果甘草根和叶中的总黄酮、总多糖积累规律在野生品和栽培品之间表现一致。根中总黄酮含量在生长期呈现"V"型变化趋势,在盛花期达到最低点即野生甘草根为2.43%;栽培甘草根为1.85%。叶中总黄酮积累规律正好与根相反,呈现倒"V"型变化趋势,在盛花期达到最高点即野生甘草叶为5.64%;栽培甘草叶为6.02%。在甘草不同器官中,野生和栽培甘草均是盛花期叶子中的总黄酮含量最高,但不同产地的甘草叶中含量有差异。野生与栽培甘草各器官中总多糖的变化趋势比较复杂,整体都呈现先升高后降低的倒"V"趋势。但栽培甘草根中的总多糖含量在整个生长期保持持续增长的状态,在果熟期达到最高值为18.20%。结论可选择盛花期的甘草叶进行总黄酮的研究和利用,果熟期栽培根中甘草多糖较多,可以重点开发。Objective To reveal the accumulation laws of total flavonoids and total polysaccharides in different organs of Gancao （Radix Glycyrrhizae） at different growth periods. Methods The content of total flavonoids and total polysaccharides in different organs of wild and cultivated Gancao was determined by using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry from May to Sept. for finding the accumulation laws. The difference between wild Gancao and cultivated Gancao was analyzed and the accumulation laws were verified with Gancao from different producing areas. Results The accumulation laws of total flavonoids and total polysaccharides were similar in root and leaf of wild Gancao and cultivated Ganeao. The content of total flavonoids showed a trend of V type in Gancao root during growth period, and reached the lowest point in full-bloom stage （2.43% in root of wild Gancao and 1.85% in root of cultivated Gancao）, and showed a trend of inverted V type in Gancao leaf, and reached the highest point in full-bloom stage （5.64% in leaf of wild Gancao and 6.02% in leaf of cultivated Gancao）. In different Gancao organs, the content of total flavonoids was the highest in leaf of wild Gancao and cultivated Gancao in full-bloom stage, but there was difference in Gancao from different producing areas. The change trend of total polysaccharides was complicated in different organs of wild Gancao and cultivated Gancao, which showed a inverted V type （ increasing at first and decreasing then）. In root of cultivated Gancao, the content of total polysaccharides kept a ever-increase status during the whole growth period, and reached the highest point （ 18.20% ） in fruit-ripening stage. Conclusion Cancao leaf during full-bloom stage can be chosen for studying and utilizing total flavonoids. The content of total polysaccharides is higher in Gancao root in fruit-ripening stage, which is important for the exploitation.

关 键 词：甘草 不同器官 总黄酮 总多糖 动态积累 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]