分配正义与持有正义——解读罗尔斯与诺齐克的正义之争  

On Justice of Distribution and Justice of Entitlement:A Comparison between the Theory of Justice of Rawls and Nozick

作　　者：曲达[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院暨哲学基础理论研究中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《临沂大学学报》2014年第2期50-53,共4页Journal of Linyi University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(13JJD720008)

摘　　要：罗尔斯与诺齐克是现代西方政治哲学的两大杰出代表,两人同属新自由主义阵营,然而两人的观点在正义问题上却大相径庭。罗尔斯从自由平等的权利出发,通过契约论的方法,无知之幕的概念,主张用两个正义原则取代社会上流行甚广的功利主义作为社会经济分配的指导原则,而诺齐克则批判和继承了洛克的物权理论,从人对物所固有的不可剥夺的权利出发,论证了持有的正当性。实际上,两者的区别主要在于何为正义的标准以及平等自由的优先性问题。John RaMs and Robert Nozick are the two outstanding representatives of modern Western political philosophy and both of them belong to the same neo liberal group. However, they have widely divergent perspectives on what constitutes justice. Rawls, from the free and equal right of view, advocated that his two prirnciples of justice replaces the utilitarianism as socio economic distribution of the guiding principles by a Contract Theory approach and the concept of the veil of iguorance, and Nozick＇s critique of Locke＇s theory of property rights and inheritance, from the inalienable rights of his holdings, demonstrates the legitimacy of holdings, ha fact, the contradiction lies primarily in both the understanding of Justice mad the conflict issues between equality mad freedom.

关 键 词：公平的正义 持有 分配正义 自由主义 平等 

分 类 号：F091.3[经济管理—政治经济学]