基于SPH算法的刚性弹丸侵彻的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation for penetration of rigid projectile based on SPH method

作　　者：尹冠生[1] 高艳[1] 赵庭[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学理学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期74-79,共6页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(2013M540724)

摘　　要：针对光滑粒子流体动力学(smooth particle hydrodynamics,简称SPH)方法在高速碰撞问题中的应用,利用大型动力学仿真软件LS-DYNA对球形弹丸以1 000m/s的速度侵彻1.2cm厚度钢板这一过程进行数值模拟分析。求解过程中球形弹丸采用刚性(Rigid)材料,钢板采用Johnson_Cook材料属性、Gruneisen状态方程。分别用有限元法、SPH-FEM(smooth particle hydrodynamics-finite element method,简称SPH-FEM)耦合算法和SPH算法对钢板进行模拟,并对这3种方法计算结果的Mises应力云图、系统能量、速度、加速度和计算效率进行对比,分析3种方法在高速碰撞问题中的优缺点。研究结果表明:SPH算法计算效率低,仅1/4模型的计算时长就是有限元法的6.4倍,而有限元法不能很好地模拟高速碰撞中材料大变形、飞溅现象,相比之下,SPHFEM耦合算法能够弥补两者的不足,且精度能够达到要求。Smooth particle hydrodynamics（SPH）method has been applied to analyze the highspeed collision problem.LS-DYNA,as a large-scale dynamics simulation software,was adopted to analyze the spherical projectile penetrating the steel target with thickness of 1.2cm at a high speed of 1 000 m/s.The material of spherical projectile was rigid,moreover,JohnsonCook material property and Gruneisen state equation were used for the steel target.To study the respective advantages and disadvantages of the three methods applied in high-speed collision,including finite element method,the SPH-FEM（smooth particle hydrodynamics-finite element method）coupling algorithm and SPH method,the Mises stress cloud images,system energy,speed,acceleration and computation efficiency of the three methods were compared.The results show that the SPH method is computationally less efficient,where the computation time for only one quarter of the model is about 6.4times of that used by finite element method.However,the finite element method doesn＇t perform well in simulating the collision material deformation and splash phenomenon.In conclusion the SPH-FEM coupling algorithm can makeup for the deficiencies of the former two methods,and its computation precision meets the requirement.

关 键 词：结构力学 高速碰撞 数值模拟 有限元法 SPH-FEM耦合算法 SPH 

分 类 号：O313.4[理学—一般力学与力学基础]