2010年春季河南一次区域性暴雨天气分析  

Analysis of a Regional Rainstorm Weather in Spring of 2010 in Henan

作　　者：梁俊平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局.河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室,郑州450003 [2]河南省气象台,郑州450003

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2014年第2期29-35,共7页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006004);河南省气象局气象科学研究项目(Z201205)资助

摘　　要：2010年4月20日08时-21日08时河南出现了一次区域性暴雨天气。对本次过程的高低空天气形势、卫星资料、雷达产品、NCEP再分析物理量等资料的分析结果表明:这次区域性暴雨是在高空低槽和切变线的作用下,由中低层强盛的西南暖湿气流和低空东风急流,以及地面倒槽的共同影响下产生的。由于影响系统比较稳定,移动速度较慢,且无明显不稳定能量存在,因此为一次稳定性的降水天气过程,与夏季的对流性短时强降水有明显的不同。卫星云图和雷达产品资料显示,云系的发展和移动与低槽和切变线配合较好,主要以层状云系为主,小时雨强并不大,对此次过程预报分析有很好的补充作用。对水汽、热力和动力因子等物理量的分析发现:在降水发生前,水汽条件已较好,丰富的水汽输送和持续的水汽积聚有利于降水的持续;深厚而强烈的垂直上升运动以及上层辐散、下层辐合的抽吸耦合作用,为暴雨的形成和维持提供了充足的动力条件;较长的降水持续时间,为暴雨的形成提供了充足的条件。A regional rainstorm weather appeared from 08：00 April 20 to 08：00 April 21 of 2010 in Henan. Analyzed the high and low-altitude weather situation, satellite images, radar products, NCEP reanalysis data and other information of this process, and the results showed that： this regional rainstorm was generated in the role of low trough and shear line of high-level, with the combined effect of the lowlevel strong southwest warm air, low and mid-level easterly jet, and the ground inverted trough. But the impact system was more stable, moving slower, and no significant presence of unstable energy, was a stable precipitation process, and was quite different with short-term strong convective precipitation in summer. Satellite images and radar product data displayed that development and movement of clouds were well-coordinated with low trough and shear line, stratiform clouds were main, hour rainfall intensity was not large, and those were good supplement effects for the forecasting and analysis of this process. By ana- lyzing moisture, heat, power factor and other physical quantities, it showed that： before precipitation occurred, moisture conditions were good, rich moisture transport and sustained accumulation were condu- cive to precipitation continued. Deep and strong vertical upward motion, and the suction coupling effects by upper divergence, and lower convergence, provided ample power conditions for the formation and maintenance of rainstorm. The longer duration of precipitation provided sufficient conditions for the formation of rainstorm.

关 键 词：区域性暴雨 低槽 切变线 卫星云图 雷达产品 物理量 

分 类 号：P458.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]