白术与苍术及其混伪品DNA条形码鉴定研究  

Identification of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Atractylodis Rhizoma from their adulterants using DNA barcoding

作　　者：余亚东[1] 石林春[2] 马晓冲[2] 孙伟[3] 叶萌[1] 向丽[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,四川雅安625014 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [3]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2014年第12期2194-2198,共5页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(2013ZX09301307;Z131100006513017);药植所创新团队发展计划项目

摘　　要：药材白术与苍术为苍术属植物,为常用健脾之要药,但二者功效不完全相同,古代对二者未进行区分,现代用药也容易将其混用,为了确保用药安全,该文采用ITS2序列对药材白术与苍术及其混伪品进行DNA条形码鉴定研究。白术与苍术的3个基原物种(苍术、关苍术和朝鲜苍术)ITS2序列均为229 bp。13条白术的序列仅在98 bp处有C-G变异,平均GC含量为69.42%;4条苍术序列无变异位点;关苍术与朝鲜苍术的种内最大K2P距离均为0.013。白术、苍术、关苍术和朝鲜苍术种内最大K2P距离均小于与混伪品的种间最小K2P距离。邻接(NJ)法构建的系统聚类树,白术、朝鲜苍术序列能各自聚为一支,关苍术与苍术聚为一支,但都能与混伪品明显分开。ITS2序列在药材白术与苍术及其混伪品的鉴定方面具有很好的鉴别效果。Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Atractylodis Rhizoma were widely used in strengthening spleen under different disease conditions, and were easily and often misused each other. Therefore, DNA barcode was used to distinguish Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Atractylodis Rhizoma from their adulterants to ensure the safe use.The sequence lengths of ITS2 of Atractylodes macrocephala, Atractylodis Rhizoma （A. lancea, A. japonica and A. coreana） were both 229 bp. Among the ITS2 sequences of A. macrocephala, only one G/C transversion was detected at site 98, and the average GC content was 69.42%. No variable site was detected in the ITS2 sequences of A. lancea. The maximum K2P intraspecific genetic distances of both A. japonica and A. coreana were 0.013. The maximum K2P intraspecific genetic distances of A. macrocephala, A. lancea, A. japonica and A. coreana were less than the minimum interspecific genetic distance of adulterants. The ITS2 sequences in each of these polytypic species were separated into pairs of divergent clusters in the NJ tree. DNA barcoding could be used as a fast and accurate identification method to distinguish Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma, from their adulterants to ensure its safe use.

关 键 词：白术 苍术 混伪品 DNA条形码 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]