西溪湿地四季水质时空变化及影响因子分析  

Causal analysis of the spatial-temporal variation of water quality in Xixi Wetland

作　　者：史坚[1] 廖欣峰[1] 方晓波[2] 周侣艳[1] 余海霞[1] 姚琳[1] 洪轶帆 

机构地区：[1]杭州市环境监测中心站,浙江杭州310007 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安311300 [3]杭州市下城区市政园林工程公司,浙江杭州310022

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2014年第6期39-46,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：浙江省重点科技创新团队资助项目(No.2010R50039);浙江农林大学人才启动项目

摘　　要：选取西溪湿地6个监测点位为研究对象,测定了2007—2011年春夏秋冬四季湿地20个水质指标,采用因子分析技术定性地识别不同季节关键污染因子及来源,并基于层次聚类分析进行不同季节关键污染因子空间差异性分析。结果表明,春季关键污染因子为来源于居民生活污水的BOD5、高锰酸盐指数和浮游植物,夏季关键污染因子为来源于居民生活污水和农业面源的BOD5、高锰酸盐指数、总磷和浮游植物,秋、冬两季关键污染因子均为来源于生活污水的氨氮、总磷、总氮。西溪湿地各监测点位关键污染因子污染程度存在空间差异性,春季沿山河水质劣于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)中的Ⅴ类,蒋村港和蒋村集市水质介于Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类之间,深潭口、百家楼和秋雪庵水质为Ⅱ类。夏、秋、冬季的沿山河和蒋村港水质均劣于Ⅴ类,秋雪庵、百家楼、深潭口和蒋村集市水质类别在Ⅱ类到Ⅴ类之间波动。Six monitoring sites in Xixi Wetland were selected as research object to investigate the spatial-temporal variation of water quality during 2007-2011. 20 water quality indexes were analyzed at all seasons of study period, and factor analysis techniques were applied to identify the key pollution factors and sources of different seasons. Hierarchical clustering analysis was used to analyze the spatial variations of the key pollution factors in different seasons. Results showed that in the spring the key pollutant factors were biochemical oxygen demand, potassium permanganate index and phytoplankton from the urban domestic sewage. In the summer the key pollutant factors were biochemical oxygen demand,potassium permanganate index, total phosphorus （TP） and phytoplankton from the urban domestic sewage and agricultural non-point sources. In the autumn and winter,the key pollution factors were TN,TP,and ammonical nitrogen （NH4^＋-N） from urban domestic sewage. The key pollutant factors of different monitoring sites in different seasons had a spatial heterogeneity. In the spring,the water quality of Yanshanhe was inferior to class V of surface water environment quality standard （GB 3838-2002）. The water quality of Jiangcungang and Jiangcunjishi were fluctuated between class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ. The water quality of Shentankou, Baijialou and Qiuxuean belonged to class Ⅱ. In the summer,autumn and winter,the water quality of Yanshanhe and Jiangcungang were inferior to Ⅴ class of surface water,the water quality of Qiuxuean,Baijialou,Shentankou and Jiangcunjishi were fluctuated between class Ⅱ and class Ⅴ.

关 键 词：西溪湿地 因子分析 层次聚类分析 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X832