不同pH下表面活性剂对污泥脱水性能的影响  

Influence of surfactant conditioning on sludge dewaterability in various pH value

作　　者：洪晨[1] 邢奕[1] 王志强[1] 司艳晓[1] 周亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2014年第5期850-857,870,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51104009);北京市科技新星计划项目(Z111106054511043);北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2012D009006000003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-TP-12-011B);昆明市科技计划资助项目(2012-02-09-A-G-02-0001);广东省教育部产学研结合资助项目(2011B090400629)

摘　　要：为了提高污泥脱水效果,对酸碱联合表面活性剂调理下污泥脱水性能的变化进行研究.利用表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵调理污泥,探讨表面活性剂投加量、pH值对污泥滤饼含水率(w(H2O))和比阻(rSRF)的影响.通过分析污泥中胞外聚合物(EPS)、上清液有机酸、流变性的变化,阐明不同pH下表面活性剂对污泥脱水性能的影响机理.结果表明,表面活性剂的加入导致污泥上清液中EPS质量浓度ρ(EPS)发生变化,促进EPS水解,有效降低污泥表观黏度,提高污泥脱水性能.在强碱性条件下,污泥上清液中ρ(EPS)大幅增加引起rSRF快速升高,w(H2O)增大,表观黏度增大,污泥脱水性能恶化;酸性条件下表面活性剂的作用效果较好,污泥滤饼含水率(w(H2O))明显降低.当pH值为3、表面活性剂投加量(w(表面活性剂))为93.75mg·g-1时,w(H2O)和rSRF可分别降至61.12%、0.59×1013 m·kg-1.To improve the sludge dewaterability, the potential benefits of sludge dewaterability under surfactant-conditioning with acid-alkali pretreatment were investigated. Sludge was treated by surfactant dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, and then the effect of surfactant dosage and pH on sludge dewaterability [water content of dewatered sludge （w（H2O）） and specific resistance of filtration （r SRF）] were discussed. Extracellular polymeric substance （EPS） content, organic acid content and rheological property were measured in an attempt to explain the sludge dewaterability mechanism under surfactant conditioning in various pH. The results show that the surfactant has positive effect on the sludge dewaterahility. The addition of surfactant can change EPS content p（EPS）, promote EPS hydrolysis, reduce the apparent viscosity and then improve sludge dewaterability. When sludge is conditioned by surfactant with alkaline pre- traetment, p（EPS） in supernatant increase dramatically which result in rSRF, w（H2O） and theological property increasing significantly, and then sludge dewaterability deteriorated. As a comparison, the effects of surfactant conditioning sludge with acid pretreatment are better, w（H2O） decrease obviously. The results also demonstrate that a surfactant dosage of 93.75 mg·g^-1 at pH= 3 is an ideal condition, w（H2O） and r SRF decrease to 61.12% and 0.59×10^13m·kg^-1, respectively.

关 键 词：污泥 表面活性剂 酸碱预处理 胞外聚合物 脱水性能 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]