儿童呼吸道不可分型流感嗜血杆菌感染及耐药现状  

The infection status and antibiotic resistance of nontypeable haemophlus influenzae in children with respiratory tract infection

作　　者：刘东华[1] 胡艳华[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省孝感市中心医院检验科,432000 [2]湖北省孝感市中心医院儿科,432000

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2014年第8期1304-1305,1308,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2012FFC120)

摘　　要：目的了解孝感市中心医院儿童呼吸道不可分型流感嗜血杆菌感染现状及耐药性。方法对2010年1月—2012年12月门诊及住院呼吸道感染患儿的呼吸道标本进行细菌培养、菌种鉴定及药敏试验,并对结果进行统计、分析。结果 3573例呼吸道感染患儿共分离出不可分型流感嗜血杆菌105株:氨苄西林对产β-内酰胺酶的NTHi检出率为27.60%,3年产酶率依次为20.8%(5/24)、24.2%(8/33)、33.3%(16/48);NTHi对氯霉素、复方磺胺甲噁唑的耐药率较高,分别为16.19%、44.76%,而对阿奇霉素,二、三代头孢菌素及其复合制剂的敏感性均较高。结论不可分型流感嗜血杆菌的分离率、产酶率有逐年上升的趋势,耐药形势较为严峻,应引起临床高度重视。治疗以阿奇霉素,二、三代头孢菌素及其复合制剂为首选。Objective To investigate the infections state and antibiotic resistance of Nontypeable Haemophlus influenzae in children with respiratory tract infection in Xiaogan Central Hospital. Methods The specimens of respiratory tract were collected from children that outpatient and be hospitalized with respiratory tract infection in Xiaogan Central Hospital from January 2010 to December 2012, germicuhure, bacteria identified and drug susceptibility test were done and the results were statistic analysis. Results Totally 105 Nontypeable Haemophlus influenzae strains were isolated from 3573 respira- tory tract infection children, the rates of Ampicillin on the production of [3-1actamase Nontypeable Haemophlus was 27.60% ,enzyme production rates were 20.8% （5/24） ,24.2% （8/33） ,33.3% （16/48）, the resistance rate to chloram- phenieol,eotfimoxazole were 16.19% ,44.76%, respectively, and all strains were sensitive to azithromyein, the second and third generation of eephalosporin and β-1aetamase. Conclusion The prevalence of NTHi and β-1aetamas increased gradually and antibiotic resistance was serious, more attention must be paid by clinical doctors. Azithromyein, the second and third generation of eephalosporin and β-1aetamase can be the first choice of treatment.

关 键 词：不可分型流感嗜血杆菌 感染现状 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378.41[医药卫生—病原生物学] R446.5[医药卫生—基础医学]