吸烟与儿童哮喘的相关性研究  

Study on relationship between second hand smoking and pediatric asthma

作　　者：吴佩琼 凌如娟 邓力 郭素华[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心呼吸科,广东广州510623 [2]广东省妇幼保健院儿科,广东广州510010

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2014年第16期116-118,共3页China Medical Herald

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金立项课题(编号A2011077)

摘　　要：目的探讨二手烟与儿童哮喘的关系。方法选择2012年2～5月在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心呼吸科接受治疗的80例哮喘患儿（哮喘组）和保健科门诊80名健康儿童（对照组）作为研究对象。其中，哮喘组患儿年龄为1～14岁，均符合《儿童支气管哮喘诊断与防治指南》（2008年版）标准，对照组由同期来医院保健科门诊就诊的年龄1～14岁的健康儿童中随机抽取所得。所有接受调查的儿童家长或监护人在签署了知情同意书后，采用问卷调查法进行调查，结果采用x^2检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归进行分析。结果哮喘组被动吸烟的比例明显高于对照组，哮喘组家居霉斑较对照组明显少，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而两组饲养宠物和母乳喂养的情况则差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。另外，环境香烟烟雾的暴露与哮喘相关只是在男孩中发现（P〈0．05），在女孩中没有相关性（P〉0．05）。结论作为医务工作者除了在哮喘发生后给予相应的药物治疗外，应对患儿及其家长进行哮喘教育，增加他们的健康相关知识，使其懂得避免危险因素的接触，尤其是环境香烟烟雾的暴露，主动采取预防措施，将危害降到最低。Objective To investigate the risk relationship between second-hand smoking and pediatric asthma. Methods 80 children with asthma from Department of Respiration in Guangzhou Women and Children＇s Medical Center be- tween February and May in 2012 were chosen as the treatment group and 80 children without asthma as the control group. Among them, the treatment group patients were between 1 year and 14 years old, conforming to the standard of Children Bronchial Asthma Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines （2008 edition）. Children in the control group were also aged between 1 to 14, who were randomly chosen from those coming to see the doctor in the Department of Health Care in the same period. All the parents or custodians were surveyed by questionnaire after signing the informed consent. The results were analyzed via ehi-square statistics and multi-factor unconditioned Logistic regression analysis. Results The proportion of second-hand smoking in the treatment group was obviously higher than that in the control group; home furnishing mildew index of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group; the differences were sta- tistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of raising pets and breast feeding （P 〉 0.05）. Besides, the second hand smoking was associated with asthma in boys （P 〈 0.05）, but not in girls （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Apart from treating patients with medicines after children infecting asthma, doctors should educate children and their parents about the prevention of asthma and enhance their health awareness so as to make them avoid being exposed to health-threatening factors, especially those of smoking or smog, thus ensuring them to taking initiative in prevention and minimizing the harmful effects.

关 键 词：环境香烟烟雾 二手烟 儿童 哮喘 

分 类 号：R725[医药卫生—儿科]