大城市职住分离的区域测度方法探究——以北京市为例  

Research on Metropolitan's Job-Housing Separation Region Measurement Method——Taking Beijing as an Example

作　　者：梁海艳[1] 孟斌[2] 李灿松[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会与人口学院,北京100872 [2]北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京100191 [3]云南师范大学经济与管理学院,云南昆明650092

出　　处：《人口学刊》2014年第4期16-25,共10页Population Journal

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目:我国人口迁移流动对通婚圈的影响研究(14XNH093);国家自然科学基金项目:转型期中国城市居民职住关系:演变;机制及政策启示(41171136);北京联合大学人才强校计划(BPHR2012E01);国家社科基金项目:滇藏川毗连藏区流动人口及其族际关系演变与调适(11CMZ034)

摘　　要：随着城市空间结构的演变发展,居住空间和就业空间逐渐发生错位而产生了严重的职住分离问题,大城市表现更为明显。本文利用北京市第五次和第六次人口普查数据,在传统的昼夜人口密度比基础上,拓展了洛伦兹曲线的应用范围,提出"职住分离洛伦兹曲线"测度方法,从区域层面对北京市职住分离现象进行研究。研究表明,不论从洛伦兹曲线集中指数还是昼夜人口密度比来看,北京市职住分离现象都很突出,昼夜人口密度比存在明显的区域差异,其格局也发生了变化,2000年呈现由核心区向郊区圈层递增的结构,而2010年则出现了明显的东西分化格局。十年间,北京市职住分离洛伦兹曲线集中指数也在相应地增加,洛伦兹曲线方法可以更好地从区域层面来反映职住分离状况。With the development of the metropolitan＇ s spatial structure, inhabitancy and employment dislo- cation lead to job separation occurred gradually. According to Beijing＇ s fifth and sixth population census data, using the space Lorentz curve method, combined with population density ratio of day and night from the regional level, we found that whether from the Lorenz curve concentration index or population density ra- tio, Beijing Job-Housing segregation became more pronounced. There are significant regional differences in population density ratio of day and night, and its pattern had changed, in 2000, it was the incremental structure from core to suburbs, in 2010, it appeared a clear pattern which was differentiated between East- ern and Western. Further research shows that Lorenz curve concentration index also had increased. Lorenz curve method can be better to reflect the status of job to live separate from the regional measure.

关 键 词：职住分离 洛伦兹曲线 区域测度 北京 

分 类 号：C924.24[社会学—人口学]