美国儿童电视规制的历史演变探析  

Historical Evolution of the Regulations of American Children's TV

作　　者：龚芳敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学新闻与传播学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《吉首大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第3期117-122,共6页Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(10CZW003)

摘　　要：美国儿童电视规制始于20世纪30年代,在80年来的历史进程中,经历了建构规制、放松规制、重构规制三个特征显著的历史阶段。这一历史演变是凯恩斯的政府干预主义和亚当·斯密的自由市场主义相互较量的产物,是美国不完整的政府和不完整的市场相互博弈的产物,是公共利益和商业利益相互角力的产物。美国儿童电视规制中的很多制度设计和价值取向看上去很美,但是在执行过程中并不尽如人意。历史地看,如果美国电视的商业体制没有改变,那么其儿童电视节目中的各类低俗和商业内容就不会得到彻底的改善。就此而言,美国儿童电视规制的使命依然任重而道远。The regulations of American children＇s TV began in the 1930s,and it has undergone three historical stages of regulation constructing, regulation loosening, and regulation reconstructing in the courseof 80 years.The historical evolution is a kind of competing product between Keynes＇s government interventionism and Adam Smith＇s free market, between the incomplete U. S. government and the incompletemarkets, between public interest and commercial interest. Many of children＇s TV regulations look beautiful,but the result is not entirely as desired in the process of execution. Historically,if the commercialsystem of American TV has not changed,then the pulp and commercial content in children＇s TV will notbe improved thoroughly. In this regard,the mission of the American children＇s TV regulation still has along way to go.

关 键 词：儿童电视 规制 历史演变 公共利益 市场主义 公众意志 

分 类 号：G206.2[文化科学—传播学]