光纤激光切割铝合金薄板工艺特性研究  

Study on Fiber Laser Cutting of Aluminum Alloy Sheet

作　　者：陈聪[1] 高明[1] 顾云泽 王磊[1] 杨欢庆 曾晓雁[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学武汉光电国家实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]西安航天发动机厂,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《中国激光》2014年第6期73-79,共7页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金："高档数控机床与基础制造装备"科技重大专项(2013ZX04001101)

摘　　要：为了探究光纤激光切割铝合金的工艺特性,开展了光纤激光切割2mm厚度AA6061铝合金工艺实验,系统研究了激光功率、切割速度、辅助气压等工艺参数对切割质量的影响规律。在优化工艺参数条件下可以获得根部挂渣小于0.1mm、切面粗糙度小于3μm,且拼合后无肉眼可见间隙的切缝。当激光功率为3.0kW时,光纤激光获得优质切缝的切割速度可达9m/min。结果表明,增大激光功率至3.0kW,提高切割速度至6m/min,升高喷嘴间距至0.5mm或增加辅助气压至1.1MPa后,挂渣量降至0.1mm以下,最小为20μm。当切缝表面粗糙度通常约为3μm,可得到的最小热影响区宽度为10μm。最后,基于线性回归法建立的数学模型,模型预测值和实测值吻合良好。To exploring fiber laser cutting of aluminum, fiber laser cutting of AA6061 A1 alloy with the thickness of 2 mm is carried out. The effects of welding parameters such as laser power, cutting speed and the pressure of assisting gas on the quality of the kerf are investigated. The results show that accepted kerf can be obtained under appropriate parameters. The accepted kerf with the dross height less than 0.1 mm, the surface roughness less than 3 μm, and no megascopic gap as the kerfs are matched. It is found that when the laser power is 3.0 kW, the cutting speed of fiber laser that obtains accpeted kerf can be up to 9 m/min, which is two times than that of CO2 slab laser with the same laser power. Moreover, by increasing laser power to 3, 0 kW, enhancing cutting speed rate to 6 m/min, raising stand-off to 0.5 mm, or increasing the pressure of assisting gas to 1.1 MPa, the dross height of the kerf is reduced to less than 0.1 mm. The minimum dross height is only 20 μm. The results show that the surface roughness is around 3 μm, and the minimum width of heat affected zone is 10 μm. Finally, a model is established by linear regression, whose estimated value agrees with experimental data well.

关 键 词：激光技术 激光切割 铝合金 切割质量 线性回归分析 数学模型 

分 类 号：TG485[金属学及工艺—焊接]