俄罗斯炼油工业发展现状评析  

Russia's oil refining industry's state of development

作　　者：王海燕 赵巍[2] 黄伟 

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团国际部 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院 [3]中国石油海外勘探开发公司

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2014年第5期4-9,14,共7页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：俄罗斯炼厂加工深度不高、二次加工能力偏低,油品生产结构中燃料油比例偏高、汽柴油比例偏低,油品生产结构与消费结构不平衡;同时,炼油工业布局不合理,小型炼厂数量众多。近十年来,俄政府高度重视炼油行业的发展并采取多项举措鼓励炼油企业加大对炼油装置改造和扩建的投资:一是以高标号油品标准和炼油改造规划力促炼厂升级改造;二是改革成品油出口税率,调整油品出口结构;三是对不同标准的油品征收不同的消费税。在政府的引导和支持下,俄罗斯炼油行业升级改造的投资不断增加,油品质量不断提高。The depth of processing by Russian refineries is not great, secondary processing capability is low, fuel oil's share in the oil product production mix is disproportionately high, gasoline's and diesel's share is disproportionately low, and the oil production mix and consumption mix are structurally imbalanced; at the same time the refining industry is irrationally structured, with too many small refi neries. Over the past decade, the Russian government has attached great importance to development of the oil refining industry and taken a number of initiatives to encourage enterprises to increase investment in refinery upgrading and expansion: first, with high-grade oil product standards and refinery reconstruction planning, strenuously urging refinery upgrading; second, refined oil export tax-rate reform and adjustment of the oil export mix; third, collecting different consumption taxes on oil products of different quality standards. Under the government's guidance and support, investment in upgrading the entire Russian oil refining industry has steadily increased, while the quality of oil products steadily increases.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 炼油工业 加工能力 油品结构 油品质量 炼厂升级 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]