清远市清城区手足口病流行状况及与气象因素的关系分析  

Hand,foot,and mouth disease epidemic and its correlation with meteorological conditions in Qingcheng District,Qingyuan

作　　者：黄嘉迎 杜玉忠[1] 孙小康[1] 李阳斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]清远市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2014年第4期318-321,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：清远市科技局科研项目(项目编号:2012B011204054)

摘　　要：目的分析清远市清城区手足口病流行病学特征及其与气象因素的关系,为手足口病防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2009—2013年清城区疫情监测资料及清远市气候监测系统中同期气象资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行手足口病流行病学特征分析,并对手足口病发病数和气象因素的关系进行多重回归分析。结果 2009—2013年清城区报告手足口病病例17 768例,年均发病率为517.55/10万,2012年报告死亡病例2例。2009—2011年发病率呈逐年上升趋势,2012—2013年明显下降。全区各街(镇)均有病例报告,城乡结合型的东城街道年均发病率最高为724.84/10万。发病主要集中在4—7月份(占56.60%,10 056/17 768),以5岁及以下儿童为主(占95.04%,16 886/17 768),以散居儿童居多(占83.29%,14 800/17 768)。男性发病共11 531例,年均发病率651.25/10万,女性发病6 237例,年均发病率375.50/10万,男女发病率性别比为1.73∶1。EV 71为清城区手足口病的优势流行株(占62.50%,75/120)。日平均气温、降水量、日平均风速与手足口病发病数呈正相关(β=0.264、0.079、0.064,P<0.05或P<0.01),而日平均气压与手足口病发病呈负相关(β=-0.166,P<0.01)。结论手足口病的发生存在季节性、地区、年龄、性别、职业的差异,且与气象因素关系密切,应重点在流行季节前针对重点人群和重点场所做好防控工作。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease （HFMD） and its correlation with meteorological factors in Qingcheng District, Qingyuan, so as to provide scientific evidences for control and prevention measures. Methods Epidemic surveillance data from 2009 to 2013 in Qingcheng District were obtained from China Information System for Disease Preven- tion and Control, and corresponding meteorological data, from Qingyuan Climate Monitoring System. De- scriptive epidemiological method was conducted to analyze epidemiological characteristics of HFMD and multiple regressions were adopted to test the correlation between the number of HFMD cases and meteoro- logical factors. Results A total of 17 768 HFMD cases were reported from 2009 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 517.55/100 thousand. The incidence was increased year by year from 2009 to 2011, while decreased dramatically from 2012 to 2013. Cases were reported in every street （town） around the district. The annual incidence was the highest in Dongcheng street, the combination zone between urban anti rural area （724. 840/100 thousand）. Most cases were mainly distributed from April to July （56.60% , 10 056/17 768）, 95.04% （ 16 886/17 768） of them was children aged 5 years or younger, and 83.29% （ 14 800/17 768） was scattered children. There were 11 531 male cases and 6 237 female cases, and theiraverage annual incidence rates were 651.25/100 thousand and 375.50/100 thousand, respectively. The ratio of male to female incidences was 1.73： 1. EV 71 was the predominant strain of HFMD in this district （62.50%, 75/120）. The increase in HFMD cases showed a positive correlation with the daily average temperature, precipitation, and daily average wind speed, respectively（β =0. 264, 0. 079, and 0. 064, P 〈0.05 or P 〈0. 01 ） , but a negative one with the daily average air pressure （β= - 0. 166, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The occurrence of HFMD varied in area, season, age, gender, and occ

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 气象因素 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]