真胃灌注不同水平淀粉对泌乳后期奶牛采食量、泌乳性能、胃肠道发酵和血液代谢的影响  

Effects of Graded Abomasal Starch Infusion on Feed Intake,Lactation Performance,Gastrointestinal Fermentation and Blood Metabolism of Lactating Cows

作　　者：邹杨[1] 李胜利[1] 曹志军[1] 杨占山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,动物营养国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第6期1467-1476,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31372334)

摘　　要：为了研究真胃灌注不同水平淀粉对泌乳后期奶牛采食量、泌乳性能、胃肠道发酵和血液代谢的影响,采用4×4拉丁方设计将4头安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦2胎奶牛分为4组,分别向真胃内灌注0(对照组)、800、1 600、2 400 g/d淀粉。共进行4期试验,每期7 d(5 d的预试期和2 d的正试期)。结果表明:1)真胃灌注不同水平淀粉对奶牛干物质采食量无显著影响(P>0.05);奶牛的消化能(P=0.022)和泌乳净能采食量(P=0.014)均随着真胃淀粉灌注量的增加而呈线性增加,而奶牛的淀粉表观消化率则呈线性降低(P=0.029)。2)随着真胃淀粉灌注量的增加,乳脂率(P=0.024)和乳脂产量(P=0.022)均呈二次曲线上升,以1 600 g/d灌注量时最大。3)800 g/d组的粪液丁酸浓度显著低于1 600和2 400 g/d组(P<0.05),粪液总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著低于对照组和1 600 g/d组(P<0.05)。4)真胃灌注不同水平淀粉对瘤胃发酵特性及血液代谢指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合以上,乳脂率随着真胃淀粉灌注量的增加呈二次曲线上升;泌乳后期奶牛能够利用的过瘤胃淀粉的最大量为1 600 g/d。This experiment was performed to assess the effects of infusion of graded starch in abomasum on feed intake, lactation performance, gastrointestinal fermentation and blood metabolism of lactating cows. Four Holstein cows fitted with permanent ruminal cannulas were arranged into four groups by a 4×4 Latin square design. Cows were infused with 0, 800, 1 600 and 2 400 g/d starch in abomasum, respectively. The experiment lasted for 7 days, which was consisted of a 5-day pre-experimental period and a 2-day experimental period. The results showed as follows： 1） dry matter intake of dairy cows was not affected by abomasal starch infusion at different levels （P〉0.05）; with the increase of abomasal starch infusion level, digestive energy intake （P=0.022） and net energy for lactation intake （P=0.014） were linearly increased, while starch apparent digestibility was linearly decreased （P=0.029）. 2） With the increase of abomasal starch infusion level, milk fat percentage （P=0.024） and yield （P=0.022） were quadratically increased, those in 1 600 g/d group reached the highest. 3） Butyric acid concentration in fecal fluid in 800 g/d group was significantly lower than that in 1 600 and 2 400 g/d groups （P0.05）. In conclusion, milk fat percentage is quadratically increased with the increase of abomasal starch infusion level, and the peak amount of rumen escaped starch that can be utilized by dairy cows at late lactation period is 1 600 g/d.

关 键 词：淀粉灌注 采食量 泌乳性能 血液代谢 泌乳奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]