饲粮代谢葡萄糖水平对热应激奶牛生产性能和生理指标的影响  

Dietary Metabolizable Glucose Level Affects Performance and Physiological Indices of Dairy Cows under Heat Stress

作　　者：宋良荣[1] 薛白[1] 闫方权 闫天海[1] 肖俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室,雅安625014

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第6期1477-1485,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD12B02)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究热应激条件下不同代谢葡萄糖水平的饲粮对奶牛生产性能和生理指标的影响。选择胎次、泌乳天数、产奶量、体重相近的健康泌乳荷斯坦奶牛16头，随机分为4组，每组4头，试验1~4组分别饲喂代谢葡萄糖水平为121.31、109.70、99.27和9.55 g/kg的试验饲粮。试验共计42 d，其中预试期14 d，正试期28 d。结果表明，直肠温度和呼吸频率全期平均值分别以试验2组和试验3组最低，显著低于其他各组（P〈0.05）。各时间点，试验3组采食量和产奶量都高于其他各组，全期平均值显著高于其他各组（P〈0.05）。乳脂率、乳蛋白率和乳干物质率的全期平均值均为试验3组显著高于其他各组（P〈0.05），乳糖率则为试验1组显著高于其他各组（P〈0.05）。以上结果表明，荷斯坦奶牛饲粮代谢葡萄糖水平的改变可以调节热应激奶牛的生产性能和生理指标；本试验条件下，饲粮代谢葡萄糖水平为99.27 g/kg时效果最好，提高了奶牛的产奶量和采食量。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary metabolizable glucose （MG） level on performance and physiological indices of dairy cows under heat stress. Sixteen healthy Holstein cows with similar parity, days in lactation, milk yield and body weight were randomly divided into four groups with four cows in each group. Cows in test groups 1 to 4 were fed experimental diets containing 121.31, 109.70, 99.27 and 89.55 g/kg MG, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days, including a 14-day pre-experiment period and a 28-day experiment period. The results showed as follows： rectal temperature and respiratory rate of dairy cows （the means during whole period） reached the lowest in test groups 2 and 3, respectively, and were both significantly lower than those in the other groups （P〈0.05）. At different time point, feed intake and milk yield of dairy cows in test group 3 were all higher than those of the other groups, and the means during whole period were significantly higher than those in the other groups （P〈0.05）. Milk fat, milk protein, milk dry matter milk percentages （the means during whole period） in test group 3 were significantly higher than those in the other groups （P〈0.05）, and lactose percentage in test group 1 was significantly higher than that in the other groups （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the change of dietary MG level can affect performance and physiological indices of dairy cows under heat stress; under conditions in the present study, the optimal level is 99.27 g/kg, which can improve feed intake and milk yield.

关 键 词：热应激 奶牛 代谢葡萄糖 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]