红壤稻田种植制度的养分平衡特征  

Characteristics of nutrient balance of different cropping systems in paddy field of red earth.

作　　者：周卫军[1] 王凯荣[1] 谢小立[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长沙农业现代化研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2001年第1期61-63,共3页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金："九五"中国科学院重大项目(KZ951-A1-301);特别支持项目(KZ95T-04-01)

摘　　要：试验研究了湘北红壤稻田系统4种种植制度的养分平衡特征。结果表明,N、P、K养分输出为稻-稻-油种植制度>稻-稻-油(肥)种植制度>稻-稻-肥(紫云英)种植制度>稻-稻种植制度;N盈余量以稻-稻-肥种植制度最大,达18.4kg/hm^2·α,稻-稻-油(肥)种植制度基本维持平衡,稻-稻种植制度表现亏缺,稻-稻-油种植制度亏缺最大,达38.9kg/hm^2·α;4种种植制度P和K均有亏缺,但以稻-稻-油种植制度亏缺量最大,分别为11.2kg/hm^2·α和118.7kg/hm^2·α,稻-稻-肥种植制度亏缺量最小;稻-稻-肥种植制度有机物质归还量最大,有利于有机质的积累,稻-稻种植制度有机物质归还量最小,有机质呈现亏缺状态。The characteristics of nutrient balance of 4 kinds of cropping systems were studied in paddy field sys-tems of red earth in northern Hunan. The results show that the sequence of nutrient output of N, P and K is the cropping system of rice-rice-rape>the cropping system of rice-rice-rape (green manure)>the cropping system of rice-rice-green manure>the cropping system of rice-rice. The N surplus of the cropping system of rice-rice-green manure is 18.4kg/hm2·a,which is the biggest among 4 kinds of cropping systems. N nutrient of the cropping sys-tem of rice-rice-rape(green manure) is basically balanced. The cropping system of rice-rice shows the N deficit. The N deficit in the cropping system of rice-rice-rape is up to 38. 9kg/hm2·a,which is the biggest. P and K of 4 kinds of cropping systems all show deficient, but the cropping system of rice-rice-rape is the biggest, being 11.2 kg/hm2·a and 118.7kg/hm2·a, respectively, and the cropping system of rice-rice-green manure is the smallest. Returning of organic matter of the cropping system of rice-rice-green manure is the biggest and favourable to accu-mulation of organic matter, and return of organic matter of the cropping system rice-rice is the smallest and shows negative balance in organic matter.

关 键 词：红壤稻田 种植制度 养分平衡 土壤肥力 土壤有机肥 系统生产力 

分 类 号：S511.047[农业科学—作物学] S511.061