跌坎消力池水动力荷载特性试验研究  

Experimental study on characteristics of hydrodynamic load in stilling basin with drop sill

作　　者：李树宁[1,2] 杨敏[1] 董天松[1] 李会平[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]山东农业大学,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2014年第3期138-142,共5页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179119);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT0851);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助(2012AA051702)

摘　　要：基基于某水电站溢洪道消力池底板的稳定性研究,研究了跌坎消力池的水动力荷载特性。分析结果表明:水跃完全发生在陡槽末端时,陡槽水跃区最大脉动压力系数是消力池底板脉动压力系数的30多倍;水跃部分发生在陡槽末端时,陡槽水跃区最大脉动压力系数与消力池底板脉动压力系数同数量级;陡槽水跃区脉动压力积分尺度小于消力池底板脉动压力积分尺度,即陡槽水跃区的水流涡旋尺寸小于消力池内的水流涡旋尺度。陡槽水跃区底板脉动压力积分尺度随着流能比的增大而增大;消力池底板脉动压力积分尺度随着流能比的增大而减小;陡槽水跃区底板单位面积上举力明显大于消力池底板的单位上举力。板块上举力不仅与底板脉动压力系数有关,而且与脉动压力的空间积分尺度密切相关。Scale model tests have been conducted to study the characteristics of hydrodynamic load and pool slab stability of a stilling basin with drop sill for a hydropower station. The results show that when the entire hydraulic jump takes place in the chute outlet section, maximum fluctuating pressure coefficient of the chute bottom is 30 times that of the stilling basin slab. The coefficients of these two locations are comparable in the same order of magnitude if only part of the jump stays in the chute outlet section. The integral scale of fluctuating pressure of the jump in the chute is smaller than that of the stilling basin. As the flow-energy ratio （R） increases, this scale is increased while the integral scale of stilling basin is decreased. The uplift force on unit area of the chute bottom is greater than that of the basin slab. Uplift force depends not merely on fluctuating pressure coefficient, but on fluctuating pressure integral scale.

关 键 词：水力学 跌坎消力池 脉动压强 积分尺度 上举力 

分 类 号：TV135[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]