珠江野生草鱼、赤眼鳟的核型、银染和C带比较研究  

Studies on chromosome karyotype,Ag-NORs and C-banding patterns of wild Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Squaliobarbus curriculus in the Pearl River

作　　者：舒琥[1] 刘远波 魏秋兰[1] 刘丽[3] 杨丽冬[1] 李强[1] 候丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学生命科学学院,广东广州510006 [2]五华市级草鱼良种场,广东五华514421 [3]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《广州大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第2期53-59,共7页Journal of Guangzhou University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)重大专项资助项目(201303048);广东省科技专项资金社会主义新农村建设资助项目(2012A020602063);广东省科技兴海重点资助项目(粤财农2011587)

摘　　要：以珠江大学城江段草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)、赤眼鳟(Squaliobarbus curriculus)的肾细胞为实验材料,采用胸腔注射植物血球凝集素(PHA)、秋水仙素,低渗处理,空气干燥法制备染色体标本,分析其染色体的核型、银染(Ag-NORs)和C带.结果表明:①草鱼和赤眼鳟的染色体数目均为2n=48,草鱼核型公式和臂数分别为2n=22m+24sm+2st,NF=94,赤眼鳟的核型公式和臂数分别为2n=24m+22sm+2st,NF=94;均没有发现随体、次缢痕以及异型性染色体;②在草鱼和赤眼鳟的中期分裂相中,Ag-NORs均出现在染色体短臂的末端,且Ag-NORs的数目为4个的比例最大,但所处的位置有所不同;③草鱼和赤眼鳟的大多数染色体的着丝粒区域都有深浅不一的C带,但赤眼鳟的染色体中除了出现有着丝粒C带外,还有端部C带,而草鱼仅见着丝粒C带.This paper respectively used kidney cells received from Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Squaliobarbus curriculus for experimental materials. And the chromosomes specimens were made by using a method of injecting with PHA and colchicines, hypatoic-air drying technique. Studies on chromosome karyotype, silver staining （Ag-NORs） and C-banding of Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Squaliobarbus curriculus were performed. The resuits were as follows： ① Both Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Squaliobarbus curriculus had a diploid chromosome number of 48. Meanwhile, the karyotype formula of Ctenopharyngodon idellus was 2n = 22m ＋ 24sin ＋ 2st, NF = 94, and the karyotype fornmla of Squaliobarbus curriculus was 2n = 24m ＋ 22sin ＋ 2st, NF = 94. Both of them did not contain satellite chromosome, the secondary constrictions and sex chromosome; ②Ag-NORs were observed in their metaphases respectively, located on the tips of chromosomes, and both of them, the frequence of 4 Ag-NORs were the highest, but the locations were different; ③The centromere of most chromosomes showed different shades of the C-band, but the telocentric C-band was only showed in Squaliobarbus curriculus.

关 键 词：草鱼 赤眼鳟 核型 Ag—NORs C带 

分 类 号：Q959.483[生物学—动物学]