45CrMoV钢钎头失效分析的研究  

The Study on Failure Analysis of 45CrMoV Steel Drill Bit

作　　者：周理良 肖文近 

机构地区：[1]中航工业航空动力机械研究所计量检验理化部,湖南株洲412002 [2]中航工业南方航空工业集团有限公司理化实验室,湖南株洲412002

出　　处：《装备制造技术》2014年第5期91-92,98,共3页Equipment Manufacturing Technology

摘　　要：45CrMoV钢钎头在短期使用中出现头部开裂及局部球齿断裂现象。通过对其进行冶金检测和金相分析,发现头部掉块原因为疲劳开裂所致,在机加工时底部不可避免地存有锐角,通过在齿孔底部放入铜垫片起到缓冲作用从而降低冲击力从而改善受力。球齿的断裂为过载断裂,金相测量其局部存有粗大块状碳化钨相(>20μm),使承载能力下降所致。根据冶金分析结果提出了相应的改进措施。45CrMoV steel drill bit has arised cracks in the head and local ball gear fracture phenomenon after a short-term using age. According to the analysis of metallographic and metallurgical detection, it＇s found that the reasons for the falling off on head is caused by fatigue cracking because of an inevitable acute angle at bottom during machining.Through adding copper gaskets at perforation bottom, the shock force is decreased by absorption effect and then the stress-concentrated is improved. The ball tooth fracture is overloaded rupture, and its local section exisits course tungsten carbide phase（ 20μm） by metallographic measuring, which dramatically decreased its load-bearing ability. Based on the result of metallurgical analysis, this paper has given out correspondingly improvement measure.

关 键 词：45CrMoV钢钎头 失效分析 显微组织 改进措施 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]