不同猕猴桃品种对溃疡病抗性的评价  

The resistance evaluation of different kiwifruit varieties to canker

作　　者：石志军[1] 张慧琴[2] 肖金平[2] 杨鲁琼 孙志伟[2] 谢鸣[2] 马远[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所,浙江杭州310021 [3]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2014年第3期752-759,共8页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省果品产业创新团队项目(2009R50033-18);浙江省重大科技专项重点项目(2012C129049-9)

摘　　要：离体条件下,通过不同致病力溃疡病病菌、接种浓度、培养湿度、接种方式条件下接种红阳猕猴桃枝条,探讨不同条件下溃疡病病原菌对猕猴桃枝条的侵染效果。在此基础上,通过对24个猕猴桃品种(系)枝条人工接种溃疡病病原菌,评价不同猕猴桃品种对溃疡病的抗性。结果表明:强致病力病菌、高浓度、高湿度、枝条创伤面积都能显著影响猕猴桃枝条的病情指数;不同猕猴桃品种对溃疡病的抗性存在显著差异,24个猕猴桃品种(系)枝条中,华特和徐香表现为高抗;迷你华特、金魁、绿肉优系(G-HZ201201)和毛雄表现为抗病;红阳、黄肉优系11-7、大红、早鲜、早艳和黄肉优系Y-HZ201201表现为高感。通过对华特、布鲁诺和红阳3个品种猕猴桃盆栽苗接种溃疡病病原菌,并测定接种植株与对照植株的相关生理参数,评价不同猕猴桃品种对溃疡病的抗性及其相关生理参数与抗溃疡病的关系。结果表明,3个品种盆栽苗的抗性评价等级与离体枝条接种基本一致。不同抗性猕猴桃品种酶活性与其病情指数呈线性关系,健康植株韧皮部中CAT酶活性与病情指数的相关性最高(r=0.999*),叶片中的CAT酶活性次之(r=0.994*),健康植株韧皮部和叶片中POD酶活性与病情指数的相关性分别为r=0.979和r=0.969,SOD酶活性分别为r=0.924和r=0.938。可溶性糖、可溶性淀粉、可溶性蛋白含量与病情指数也表现为线性关系,可溶性蛋白含量与病情指数相关性最高,在健康植株韧皮部和叶片的相关性分别为r=-0.972和r=-0.962,可溶性糖含量与病情指数的相关性分别为r=0.934和r=0.940。综上所述,不同猕猴桃品种对溃疡病的抗性存在显著性差异,CAT、POD、SOD酶活性和可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量可以作为鉴定猕猴桃抗溃疡病的生理指标。In this study,the infection effect of canker pathogens was determined by the inoculation of the branches of Hongyang kiwifruit in vitro under different pathogenicity,inoculation concentration,cultivation humidity,and inoculation methods. Then,the resistance of 24 kiwifruit varieties were evaluated. The result showed as follows：pathogens with high pathogenicity,high concentration,high humidity,and wound area of branch all had remarkable effect on the disease index of kiwifruit branches; Different kiwifruit varieties showed different resistance to canker.Among the branches of 24 varieties,White and Xuxiang showed high resistance; Miniwhite,Jinqui,Excellentgreenflesh（ G-HZ201201） and Maoxiong showed resistance; Dahong,Zaoxian,Zaoyan and Excellentyellowflesh（ Y-HZ201201）showed highly susceptible characteristic. In addition,the potted seedlings of White,Bruno and Hongyang were inoculated with canker pathogens and the related physiological parameters between inoculated plants and control plants were measured. The result showed that the resistance rank of 3 varieties with potted seedlings was correspond to that with blanches in vitro. Enzymatic activity of kiwifruit varieties with different resistance had a linear relationship with their disease index. CAT enzyme activity in phloem of healthy plants had the highest relevancy（ r = 0. 999＊）,and CAT enzyme activity of blades took the second place（ r = 0. 994＊）. Relevancies between disease index and POD enzyme activity of healthy plants phloem and blades were r = 0. 979 and r = 0. 969 respectively. The relevancy of SOD enzyme activity were r =-0. 924 and r =-0. 938. Soluble sugar,soluble starch and soluble protein also had a linear relation with disease index. Soluble protein had the highest relevancy with disease index of r =-0. 972 and r =-0. 962 in healthy plants phloem and blades. The relevancy between soluble sugar and disease index was r =-0. 934 and r =-0. 940. To sum up,the resistance of different varieties of kiwifruit to canker had a signific

关 键 词：猕猴桃 溃疡病 抗病性 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]