星载激光测距仪全波形测距技术  

Space-borne Laser Full-waveform Ranging Technology

作　　者：吴南[1] 孙世君[1] 李旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2014年第3期68-75,共8页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

摘　　要：激光全波形测距以宽带高灵敏探测技术高保真获取、记录激光探测主回波信号,进行全数字处理和子波分析,解析其时域、空域、频域信息,获取高精度距离、目标分布特征,是提高星载测距仪测距精度、能力、空间配准精度的重要手段。文章对比分析了全波形和阈值法2种激光测距的原理,总结全波形测距的优势,梳理了其技术难点,重点对全波形回波数据处理进行了研究,给出了数据处理算法,实现了复杂多峰回波波形的高斯分解,得到光斑区域内目标相对高程分布,仿真验证了算法的可行性,通过计算不同信噪比下的高程解算误差,得到了误差随信噪比的变化趋势。Owing to its broad band, high sensitivity and high fidelity detection, as well as laser emission and echo signal recording, fully-digital process and sub-wave analysis, deep analysis of information in time field, range field and frequency field, acquisition of high precision range and target distribution characteristics, laser full-waveform ranging is an important solution to enhance the precision, capability and space rectification accuracy of spaceborne altimeter. Laser full-waveform ranging is composed of three processes： acquisition, recording and processing. In this paper, we comb the technical difficulties of full-waveform ranging. We realize the undistortion recording, slowdown management, cache and processing algorithm of laser echo waveform by serial-to-parallel conversion and Gaussian decomposition. In addition, emulation and demonstration are made.

关 键 词：全波形测距 数据获取 不失真记录 高斯分解 

分 类 号：P228.5[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]