土壤/沉积物中氧化物对磷和重金属行为的影响  

Effects of Oxides in Soil( Sediment) on the Mobility of Phosphorous and Heavy Metals

作　　者：刘义[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省林业科学研究院,四川成都610081

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2014年第3期13-20,共8页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：四川高原湿地类型及特点研究(四川省财政专项ZL2014-28)

摘　　要：土壤/沉积物中的铁、锰和铝的(氢)氧化物对磷和重金属的吸附解吸,在极大程度上控制着这些元素在土壤/沉积物和水体中的浓度、形态和迁移转化,关系到人类健康。本文列举了磷和重金属的环境效应,以铁、锰和铝的(氢)氧化物为例,阐述了土壤/沉积物中氧化物的组成、氧化物吸附磷和重金属的3种机制(内层络合、外层络合和存留于扩散团间)与吸附模型(等温吸附的经验和半经验方程与表面络合模型),分析了氧化物对磷和重金属行为调控的影响因素,指出氧化物间可能存在的竞争或协同吸附现象。认为当前结合各种现代测试技术在原子或分子水平上认识氧化物-水界面的吸附反应本质以及多晶型或不同氧化物共同参与下的多界面复杂反应过程意义重大。Concentration,species and mobility of phosphorus and heavy metal in water and soil（ sediment） are largely controlled by the surface sorption and desorption processes on iron,manganese and aluminum（hydro） oxides and closely related to people＇s health. In this paper,a description was given of the environmental effects of phosphorus（P） and heavy metal,and（hydro） oxides of iron,manganese and aluminum were taken as examples,aiming to make an overview of types of oxides in soil（sediment）,possible adsorption mechanisms of phosphorus and heavy metal onto oxides（ inner-sphere complexation,outersphere complexation and retention in the diffuse swarm） and adsorption models（empirical and semi-empirical isothermal equations,surface complexation model）. Then,the main factors affecting the regulation of mobility of P and heavy metal by oxides were summarized and likely competitive and cooperative adsorption behaviors among different oxides were also presented. Obviously,it has been shown that the employment of new in-situ techniques is essential for examining the characteristics of adsorption and desorption occurring at the oxide /water interface at atomic and molecular level,thus being able to better understand the complex reaction processes in multi-interface systems including different oxides or oxide species.

关 键 词：氧化物 磷 重金属 吸附 内层络合 外层络合 表面络合模型 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]